Data from: Parallel proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of successive stages of maize leaf development

We carried out large-scale, quantitative analyses of the maize (Zea mays)
leaf proteome and phosphoproteome at four developmental stages. Exploiting
the developmental gradient of maize leaves, we analyzed protein and
phosphoprotein abundance as maize leaves transition from proliferative
cell division to differentiation to cell expansion, and compared these
developing zones to one another and the mature leaf blade. Comparison of
the proteomes and phosphoproteomes suggests a key role for
post-translational regulation in developmental transitions. Analysis of
proteins with cell wall- and hormone-related functions illustrates the
utility of the dataset and provides further insight into maize leaf
development. We compare phosphorylation sites identified here to those
previously identified in Arabidopsis. We also discuss instances where
comparison of phosphorylated and unmodified peptides from a particular
protein indicates tissue-specific phosphorylation. For example, comparison
of unmodified and phosphorylated forms of PIN1 suggests a tissue-specific
difference in phosphorylation, which correlates with changes in PIN1
polarization in epidermal cells during development. Together, our data
provide insights into regulatory processes underlying maize leaf
development, and provide a community resource cataloging the abundance and
phosphorylation status of thousands of maize proteins at four leaf
developmental stages.

本研究针对玉米（Zea mays）叶片蛋白质组（proteome）与磷酸化蛋白质组（phosphoproteome）开展了大规模定量分析，覆盖四个发育阶段。依托玉米叶片的发育梯度，我们分析了玉米叶片从增殖性细胞分裂、分化至细胞扩张过程中的蛋白质与磷酸化蛋白质丰度变化，并对各发育区域与成熟叶片开展了两两比较。对蛋白质组与磷酸化蛋白质组的比较分析表明，翻译后调控（post-translational regulation）在发育转变过程中发挥关键作用。针对细胞壁相关与激素相关功能蛋白的分析，验证了本数据集的应用价值，并为玉米叶片发育研究提供了进一步的见解。我们将本研究鉴定得到的磷酸化位点，与此前在拟南芥（Arabidopsis）中鉴定的位点进行了对比。本研究还讨论了部分案例：通过对特定蛋白质的磷酸化肽与未修饰肽进行比较，可揭示组织特异性磷酸化现象。例如，对PIN1蛋白未修饰形式与磷酸化形式的比较显示，其磷酸化存在组织特异性差异，且该差异与发育过程中表皮细胞内PIN1的极化变化密切相关。综上，本研究数据为解析玉米叶片发育的潜在调控过程提供了新视角，同时构建了一个科研共享资源库，收录了四个发育阶段下数千种玉米蛋白质的丰度与磷酸化状态信息。