DataSheet_4_Analysis of terpenoids and their gene regulatory networks on the basis of the transcriptome and metabolome of Opisthopappus longilobus.xlsx

Opisthopappus longilobus, which is a unique wild plant resource in China, produces leaves and flowers with distinct aromas. However, there have been relatively few molecular studies on its floral aroma, which has hindered the research on this plant species at the molecular level and the breeding of novel varieties. In this study, transcriptome and metabolome analyses were performed using O. longilobus leaves, buds, and inflorescences at the exposure, initial opening, and blooming stages. Using high-quality reads and assembly software, a total of 45,674 unigenes were annotated according to the Nr, Swiss-Prot, KOG, and KEGG databases. Additionally, a GC-MS system and a self-built database were used to detect 1,371 metabolites in the leaves, buds, and inflorescences. Terpene metabolites were the most common compounds (308 in total). We analyzed the gene network regulating terpenoid accumulation in O. longilobus and identified 56 candidate genes related to terpenoid synthesis. The expression of OlPMK2, OlMVK1, OlTPS1, and OlTPS3 may lead to the accumulation of 11 different terpenoids specifically in the inflorescences at the exposure, initial opening, and blooming stages. The generated data may be useful for future research on O. longilobus genetic resources and the molecular mechanism regulating aroma formation in this plant species. The findings of this study may be used to accelerate the breeding of new O. longilobus varieties with enhanced aromatic traits.

长叶厚喙菊（Opisthopappus longilobus）是中国特有的野生植物资源，其叶片与花朵均具有独特香气。然而目前针对其花香的分子研究相对匮乏，这阻碍了该物种的分子水平研究与新品种培育工作。本研究以长叶厚喙菊的叶片、花蕾以及处于露色期、初开期和盛花期的花序为材料，开展转录组（transcriptome）与代谢组（metabolome）分析。依托高质量测序读段与组装软件，本研究依据Nr、Swiss-Prot、KOG及KEGG数据库，共注释得到45674条单基因簇（unigenes）。此外，本研究借助气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）系统与自建数据库，在叶片、花蕾及花序中共检测到1371种代谢物，其中萜类代谢物数量最多，总计308种。本研究解析了长叶厚喙菊中调控萜类物质积累的基因调控网络，并筛选得到56个与萜类合成相关的候选基因。其中OlPMK2、OlMVK1、OlTPS1及OlTPS3的表达，可促使长叶厚喙菊处于露色期、初开期和盛花期的花序中特异性积累11种不同的萜类物质。本研究产生的数据可为后续长叶厚喙菊遗传资源研究以及该物种香气形成的分子机制解析提供参考依据。本研究结果可用于加速培育香气性状优良的长叶厚喙菊新品种。