Total Power Quality Assessment and Studying the Effect of Incorporating PQ Improvement Techniques for Electrical System of a Nuclear Facility

Power quality (PQ) assessment is an important research field for maintaining reliable and accurate handling of critical equipment, particularly within nuclear facilities. To support operators and stakeholders of electrical networks, it is beneficial to evaluate PQ using a single comprehensive index rather than multiple separate indicators.
This paper introduces an assessment approach utilizing a dynamic weighting method based on the integration of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) technique. AHP serves as a subjective tool for assessing the relative importance of various PQ disturbances, while the CRITIC method objectively determines weights by analyzing both the contrast intensity and inter-indicator conflict among PQ phenomena. By combining these two methodologies, a more balanced and scientifically grounded set of weights is produced. Additionally, a dynamic adjustment mechanism is incorporated to ensure that each PQ issue is weighted according to its actual impact on the overall PQ performance of the electrical system.
The proposed methodology is applied to a MATLAB/Simulink model of a nuclear research reactor (NRR) electrical network integrated with a renewable energy system to assess the total PQ under different normal and abnormal operating conditions. Harmonics can lead to various harmful effects on the NRR electrical network. This work assesses the total PQ by incorporating passive and active filters in the studied network.
The case study of the NRR electrical network under different operating conditions demonstrated that this approach effectively reflects the PQ performance. Also, the results showed that both the two types of filters can enhance the total PQ index, but the active power filter is more effective in eliminating the current harmonic distortion and enhancing the total PQ index.

电能质量（Power Quality, PQ）评估是保障关键设备可靠、精准运行的重要研究领域，在核设施场景中尤为关键。为支撑电网运营方与利益相关方开展工作，采用单一综合指标而非多个独立指标开展电能质量评估，具备显著实践价值。
本文提出一种基于层次分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP）与准则间关联法（Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation, CRITIC）融合的动态权重电能质量评估方法。其中AHP作为主观评价工具，用于量化各类电能质量扰动的相对重要性；CRITIC法则则通过分析电能质量现象间的强度对比度与指标间冲突程度，客观计算各指标权重。二者融合后可生成更均衡、更具科学依据的权重体系；此外，方法还引入动态调整机制，确保各电能质量问题的权重与其对电网整体电能质量性能的实际影响相匹配。
本文将所提方法应用于某集成可再生能源系统的核研究堆（Nuclear Research Reactor, NRR）电网MATLAB/Simulink仿真模型，针对不同正常与异常运行工况开展总电能质量评估。谐波会对核研究堆电网造成多种有害影响，本文通过在研究网络中接入无源滤波器与有源滤波器，实现总电能质量的量化评估。
针对核研究堆电网不同工况的案例研究表明，该方法可有效反映电网电能质量表现；结果同时显示，两类滤波器均能提升总电能质量指标，但有源滤波器在抑制电流谐波畸变、优化总电能质量指标方面效果更显著。