Computation of pandemic cost, pandemic cost per capita, net benefits and return on investment.

The formulations to compute pandemic cost, pandemic cost per capita, net benefits and return on investment are presented below for the scenarios of without and with vaccine intervention. Pandemic cost is the total cost associated with the health outcomes of influenza cases and the cost of vaccination, and pandemic cost per capita is the average pandemic cost per person. The net benefits is the difference in cost due to improved health outcomes from vaccination and the vaccination cost. Return on investment is the gain in net benefits relative to the vaccination cost.

下文将针对无疫苗干预与有疫苗干预两种场景，给出大流行成本（pandemic cost）、人均大流行成本（pandemic cost per capita）、净收益（net benefits）以及投资回报率（return on investment）的计算公式。大流行成本指与流感病例健康结局相关的总成本与疫苗接种成本之和；人均大流行成本为每人平均承担的大流行成本。净收益为疫苗接种所带来的健康结局改善对应的成本变化量与疫苗接种成本之间的差值。投资回报率为相较于疫苗接种成本的净收益增益。