Epidemiological, clinical and pathological evaluation of overall survival in canines with mammary neoplasms

ABSTRACT Canine mammary neoplasms (CMNs) are the most frequent lesions and in female dogs. However, studies correlating pathological criteria with clinical evolution in female dogs with mammary neoplasms are scarce. The present study aims to present epidemiological, clinical-pathological and overall survival data to help establish the prognosis and understand the biological behavior of CMNs. A total of 1539 cases were included (85% malignant and 13% benign). Tumor size was an important prognostic factor and was associated with overall patient survival (P< 0.0001). Most dogs diagnosed with malignant neoplasms (83%) had initial clinical staging, although 17% had regional or distant metastases at the time of diagnosis and lower overall survival (P< 0.0001). Carcinoma in mixed tumor was the most frequent histological type and had a better prognosis. Solid carcinomas, micropapillary carcinomas and carcinosarcomas were considered histological types with aggressive biological behavior and were associated with a worse prognosis and lower overall survival (P< 0.0001).

摘要：犬乳腺肿瘤（Canine Mammary Neoplasms, CMNs）是雌性犬最常见的肿瘤性病变。然而，针对雌性犬乳腺肿瘤患者的病理特征与临床转归之间相关性的研究仍较为匮乏。本研究旨在通过呈现流行病学、临床病理及总生存数据，为犬乳腺肿瘤的预后评估与生物学行为解析提供参考依据。本研究共纳入1539例病例，其中85%为恶性肿瘤，13%为良性肿瘤。肿瘤大小是重要的预后影响因素，与患者总生存期显著相关（P<0.0001）。在确诊为恶性肿瘤的患犬中，83%接受了初始临床分期，但其中17%在确诊时已出现区域或远处转移，总生存期更短（P<0.0001）。混合瘤内癌是最常见的组织学类型，且预后较好。实体癌、微乳头状癌及癌肉瘤被视为具有侵袭性生物学行为的组织学类型，与不良预后及更短的总生存期显著相关（P<0.0001）。