Data used for the publication Heisig J, Nurmatov Z, et al., Pathogens 2024. The file contains metadata about participants and anti-HBsAg titers

Vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most cost-efficient measure to prevent infection. Still, vaccination coverage among adults in Central Asia, including Kyrgyzstan, remains suboptimal and data about immune responses to HBV vaccination are lacking. HBV vaccination is given as three injections, whereby the 2nd and 3rd doses are given 1 and 6 months after the 1st (0-1-6 scheme). However, compliance with the 3rd dose is low in Kyrgyzstan, presumably due to the long time interval between the 2nd and 3rd doses, suggesting that a shortened vaccination schedule could result in better adherence and increased seroconversion. Thus, we conducted a randomized trial of individuals aged 17-66 years comparing the 0-1-6 scheme against a shorter 0-1-3 scheme. Primary outcome measures were post-vaccination titers and the percentage of participants with protective post-vaccination titers (≥10 mIU/ml). Compliance with completeness of blood draws and administered 3rd vaccine dose was better with the 0-1-3 scheme than with the 0-1-6 scheme. In both study arms combined, younger age (<40 years) was associated with better vaccine protection. The 0-1-6 scheme resulted in higher post-vaccination titers (52 versus 15 mIU/ml, p = 0.002) and a higher seroprotection rate (85% versus 64%, p = 0.01) than the 0-1-3 scheme, whereby post-vaccination titers correlated negatively with age in the 0-1-3 scheme. Thus, the 0-1-6 scheme should continue to be the preferred HBV vaccination schedule, but interventions to improve compliance with the 3rd vaccine dose are needed.

乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus, HBV）疫苗接种是预防该病毒感染的最具成本效益的公共卫生手段。然而中亚地区（包括吉尔吉斯斯坦）的成人乙肝疫苗接种覆盖率仍不理想，且关于HBV疫苗接种后免疫应答的相关数据较为匮乏。HBV疫苗常规接种程序为三针次接种，即第2剂与第3剂分别在第1剂接种后1个月和6个月完成（0-1-6方案）。但吉尔吉斯斯坦的第3剂疫苗接种依从性较低，推测其原因是第2剂与第3剂之间的间隔过长，这提示缩短接种程序或可提升接种依从性与血清转化率。为此，本研究针对17~66岁的人群开展了一项随机对照试验，对比0-1-6方案与更短的0-1-3方案的接种效果。本研究的主要结局指标为接种后的抗体滴度，以及达到保护性抗体滴度（≥10 mIU/ml）的受试者占比。结果显示，0-1-3方案的采血完成率与第3剂疫苗接种依从性均优于0-1-6方案。对两个研究组的合并分析表明，年轻群体（<40岁）的疫苗保护效果更佳。与0-1-3方案相比，0-1-6方案的接种后抗体滴度更高（52 vs 15 mIU/ml，p=0.002），血清保护率也更高（85% vs 64%，p=0.01）；且在0-1-3方案组中，接种后抗体滴度与年龄呈负相关。综上，0-1-6方案仍应作为HBV疫苗接种的首选程序，但仍需采取干预措施以提升第3剂疫苗的接种依从性。