Summary of inclusion and exclusion criteria.

BackgroundIn Australia, the health of people in police custody facilities and the conditions of their detention have been the focus of repeated scrutiny and investigations since the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody was published in 1991. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive, consolidated evidence on the health needs of this population. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review to identify and describe the available information on their health status and determinants of health.MethodsWe followed the JBI methodology for scoping reviews, including searching databases of academic and grey literature, and hand searching websites, citations and review articles published since 2000. Final searches were completed on February 3, 2025. Study characteristics, determinants of health, and health conditions were extracted from included sources, and analyzed by jurisdiction, date, and document type.ResultsWe identified 172 relevant information sources, including 141 grey literature documents and 31 academic publications, published between 2000 and 2024 from every state and territory in Australia. Sources most frequently used data from New South Wales, Western Australia, and Queensland. More than half (57%) of sources used data from the Drug Use Monitoring in Australia (DUMA) program. Individual (age, gender, Indigenous status) and mental health and drug use characteristics were the most frequently reported data. Other important health determinants such as tobacco use, diet, exercise, stress, exposure to violence, and environmental conditions of police custody were largely underreported. No general health status or burden of illness studies were identified.ConclusionsAvailable information on the health of people in police custody in Australia is fragmented, mostly drawn from a single program, and focused primarily on mental health and substance use, while data on physical health and broader health determinants are limited. Enhancing systems that routinely monitor and transparently report health priorities for police custody are needed to improve health service provision and support environments that promote detainee health.【背景】自1991年《原住民羁押死亡皇家委员会报告》发布以来，澳大利亚警方羁押人员的健康状况及其羁押环境便持续受到多方审视与调查。然而，目前仍缺乏针对该群体健康需求的全面整合性证据。为填补这一研究空白，我们开展了一项范围综述（scoping review），旨在明确并梳理现有关于该群体健康状况及健康决定因素的相关信息。 【方法】本研究遵循乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）范围综述方法学流程，包括检索学术数据库及灰色文献数据库，并手工检索2000年以来发布的相关网站、参考文献及综述类文章。最终检索于2025年2月3日完成。我们从纳入的文献来源中提取研究特征、健康决定因素及健康相关状况信息，并按司法管辖区、发表年份及文献类型进行分析。 【结果】本研究共纳入172项相关信息来源，其中141项为灰色文献、31项为学术出版物，均为2000年至2024年间澳大利亚各州及领地发布的文献。纳入来源中，使用新南威尔士州、西澳大利亚州及昆士兰州数据的文献占比最高。超过半数（57%）的文献采用了澳大利亚药物使用监测计划（Drug Use Monitoring in Australia, DUMA）的数据。个体层面特征（年龄、性别、原住民身份）以及心理健康与药物使用相关特征是报告频率最高的指标。其他重要健康决定因素，如烟草使用、饮食、运动、压力、暴力暴露及警方羁押的环境条件等，则大多未得到充分报告。本研究未发现针对整体健康状况或疾病负担的相关研究。 【结论】现有关于澳大利亚警方羁押人员健康的相关信息较为零散，且大多源自单一监测计划，主要聚焦于心理健康与物质使用问题，而关于身体健康及更广泛健康决定因素的数据则较为匮乏。未来需完善常态化监测机制，并透明化报告警方羁押人员的健康优先事项，以优化健康服务供给，构建有利于羁押人员健康的羁押环境。