Spatial Encoding of β₂-adrenoceptor Signalling in Triple- Negative Breast Cancer

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are proteins on cell surfaces that detect signals like hormones. Traditionally, they were thought to work only from the cell surface, but we now know they can also send signals from inside cells. This thesis focuses on the β₂-adrenoceptor (β₂AR), a GPCR activated by stress hormones, in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive cancer subtype. We show that β₂AR signalling from different parts of the cell drives cancer cell invasion in distinct ways, and that this signalling changes as cancer progresses. These findings uncover new mechanisms that could be targeted for future cancer therapies.