092204

The thermal evolution of old neutron stars (NSs) which depends on fundamentalproperties of matter is still not well understood because of scarcity ofobservations. To study cooling and heating of old NSs HST observations in theUV range have been initiated. To reliably separate the thermal UV radiationfrom the magnetospheric radiation the X-ray emission from the pulsar must beconstrained but only 18 of the 28 pulsars of the HST program have been observedwith reasonably deep X-ray exposures. Therefore we propose exploratory X-rayobservations of the remaining 10 pulsars. Combined with optical-UV data theresults of these observations will strongly advance our understanding of the NSevolution. [truncated! Please see actual data for full text]

依赖于物质基本属性的年老中子星 (Neutron Stars, NSs) 的热演化过程，目前仍因观测数据匮乏而未得到清晰透彻的阐释。为研究年老中子星的冷却与加热过程，科研团队已启动哈勃太空望远镜 (Hubble Space Telescope, HST) 的紫外 (Ultraviolet, UV) 波段观测项目。为可靠区分热紫外辐射与磁层辐射，需对脉冲星 (Pulsar) 的X射线 (X-ray) 辐射特征进行约束，但该哈勃太空望远镜项目的28颗脉冲星中，仅有18颗获得了具备足够观测深度的X射线曝光数据。因此，我们提议对剩余的10颗脉冲星开展探索性X射线观测。结合光学与紫外波段的观测数据，这些观测的结果将极大深化我们对中子星演化过程的认知。【文本已截断，请查阅原始数据以获取完整内容】