Local genotypes of dog rose from Interior Aegean region of Turkey as a unique source of pro-health compounds

ABSTRACT Rosehip, Rosa canina L. fruit, is valued for its flavor, taste, color and aroma, in accordance with its recognition as one of richest sources of pro-health compounds. Screening, preservation and propagation of the most valuable local populations of rosehip are performed for food, pharmacological, and cosmetic applications. Eleven native R. canina genotypes from the Interior Aegean region, Turkey, were collected and analyzed regarding organic acids, phenolic compounds, sugars, and DPPH scavenging activity within this study. Regarding biochemical profile of fruits, protocatechuic acid and quercitrin were the most dominant compounds among 12 identified phenolics. The dominant organic acids were malic and citric and fructose and glucose were the dominant sugars. There was no correlation between DPPH scavenging activity and the analyzed chemicals in fruits. Although levels of certain compounds varied significantly between consecutive years, the ranking of genotypes according to the levels of particular chemicals was maintained. Generally, the most promising chemotype regarding biological value was 64US03. The chemical composition and the presence of bioactive compounds make the native to Interior Aegean R. canina genotypes a valuable source of bioactive agents preventing oxidative-stress related diseases.

摘要：犬蔷薇果（Rosa canina L.）因其风味、口感、色泽与香气而备受青睐，同时也因被公认为健康活性化合物含量最丰富的天然来源之一而广受关注。为满足食品、医药及化妆品领域的应用需求，科研人员会对优质野生犬蔷薇种群开展筛选、保藏与繁育工作。本研究采集了土耳其内陆爱琴海地区的11份野生犬蔷薇基因型样本，并对其有机酸、酚类化合物、糖类以及DPPH清除活性进行了分析。针对果实的生化成分谱而言，在本次鉴定出的12种酚类物质中，原儿茶酸与槲皮苷为优势成分；优势有机酸为苹果酸与柠檬酸，优势糖类则为果糖与葡萄糖。研究未发现果实的DPPH清除活性与所分析的化学成分之间存在显著相关性。尽管部分化合物的含量在连续年份间存在显著差异，但各基因型按特定化学成分含量的排序并未发生改变。总体而言，从生物学价值来看，最具开发潜力的化学型为64US03。该内陆爱琴海地区野生犬蔷薇基因型的化学成分与生物活性物质组成，使其成为预防氧化应激相关疾病的优质生物活性制剂来源。