Soil physical, biological, chemical, and carbon data and cover crop biomass data from Sac Valley almond orchard comparing multiple cover crop compositions with resident vegetation for effects on soil health and nematodes

Planted cover crops and naturally occurring resident vegetation in orchards and agricultural fields belong to multiple functional groups which differ in traits, growth dynamics, and ability to influence soil health and biology. These different vegetation mixes may influence soil food webs and ecosystems over a growing season as well as regulating nutrient cycling outcomes. This study characterized soil organisms and nutrients as well as physical and chemical indicators of soil health in an almond orchard with three vegetation mixes: winter resident vegetation (dominated by Vicia, Malva, and Hordeum weedy species), and two cover crops mixes, one functionally diverse (brassica, legume, cereals) and one functionally uniform (brassicas), all of which had been implemented for four years. While physical soil health indicators differed seasonally, only biological indicators differed among the vegetation. During the winter and early spring growth period, both cover crop mixes increased microbia..., , # Soil physical, biological, chemical, and carbon data and cover crop biomass data from Sac Valley almond orchard comparing multiple cover crop compositions with resident vegetation for effects on soil health and nematodes

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.4mw6m90qg](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4mw6m90qg)

## Description of the data and file structure

Biomass, soils, and nematode data were collected from 3 treatments (diverse cover crop mix, uniform cover crops mix, and resident vegetation groundcover) in the alleys of an almond orchard to assess the  impacts of the cover crop at 2 time points: spring (immediately before cover crop termination) and summer (~3 months after cover crop termination). More details are provided, including management specifics, in the published manuscript.

### Files and variables

#### File: WEO_archival_12Nov2025.xlsx

**Description:** 5 tabs; 3 data tabs and 2 metadata tabs. Metadata tabs include a list of column names for the associated data tabs with units ...,

果园与农田中的人工覆盖作物（planted cover crops）及自然原生植被（resident vegetation）分属多个功能群，其性状、生长动态以及影响土壤健康与土壤生物的能力均存在差异。这类不同的植被组合在一个生长季内可对土壤食物网（soil food webs）与生态系统产生影响，同时调控养分循环（nutrient cycling）过程。本研究针对一座杏仁园开展了土壤生物、养分以及土壤健康的物理与化学指标表征分析，该园区设置了三种植被处理组合：以野豌豆属（Vicia）、锦葵属（Malva）和大麦属（Hordeum）杂草为主的冬季原生植被，以及两种覆盖作物组合——功能多样型（涵盖十字花科、豆科、禾谷类作物）与功能单一型（仅十字花科），上述处理均已实施四年。尽管土壤物理健康指标随季节发生波动，但仅生物健康指标在不同植被组合间存在显著差异。在冬季与早春生长阶段，两种覆盖作物组合均提升了微生物[原文此处内容截断]。

# 萨克拉门托谷杏仁园土壤物理、生物、化学、碳数据及覆盖作物生物量数据集：对比多种覆盖作物组合与原生植被对土壤健康及线虫（nematodes）的影响
数据集DOI：[10.5061/dryad.4mw6m90qg](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4mw6m90qg)

## 数据与文件结构说明
本研究在杏仁园的行间区域设置了3种处理：多样型覆盖作物组合、单一型覆盖作物组合以及原生植被地面覆盖，采集了生物量、土壤及线虫数据，以评估覆盖作物在两个时间节点的影响效果：春季（覆盖作物终止种植前即刻）与夏季（覆盖作物终止种植后约3个月）。更多细节（包括具体管理方案）已在已发表的学术论文中详述。

### 文件与变量
#### 文件：WEO_archival_12Nov2025.xlsx
**描述：** 包含5个工作表，其中3个为数据工作表，2个为元数据工作表。元数据工作表包含关联数据工作表的列名列表及单位等信息...