Reduction of spruce phytotoxicity by superheated steam torrefaction and its use in stimulating the growth of ecological bio‑products: Lemna minor L

Biochar use in agriculture offers benefits as a "carbon sink" and "carbon negative" solution, providing additional income for farms and helping combat global warming. Scandinavian models combine biochar with carbon dioxide biosequestration. Torrefied woody biomass can serve as a bulking agent, carbon carrier, or compost amendment, especially for high-water or nitrogen materials. Superheated steam torrefaction increases the pores in biochar, allowing for better mineral storage, promoting faster plant growth. Research shows biochar improves soil quality, enhances fertilization, and reduces phytotoxicity, making it a more effective and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional fertilizers. It is gaining recognition for its ability to improve soil properties and crop yields while reducing nutrient leaching and pollution.

农业领域施用生物炭（Biochar），兼具碳汇与碳负排放解决方案的双重优势，不仅可为农场带来额外经营收益，还能助力应对全球变暖。斯堪的纳维亚地区的相关模型将生物炭与二氧化碳生物固碳（biosequestration）技术相结合。经焙烤处理的木质生物质可作为膨松剂、碳载体或堆肥改良剂，尤其适用于高含水量或高氮含量的物料。过热蒸汽焙烤工艺可增加生物炭的孔隙结构，提升其矿物质储存能力，进而促进植物更快生长。研究表明，生物炭可改善土壤质量、强化肥效并降低植物毒性，是一种相较于传统肥料更为高效且环保的替代方案。其可改善土壤性状、提升作物产量，同时减少养分淋失与环境污染，正因这些综合效益，生物炭正获得越来越多的行业认可。