Tracking of physical activity in adolescents between 2010 and 2014

Abstract Even though the benefits of regular physical activity (PA) are well established, national tracking studies are still scarce. The aim of the study was to analyze the tracking of physical activity (PA) in 2010, 2012 and 2014 of adolescents from Jacarezinho, Paraná. Adolescents (ages: 15.6 ± 0.6 years) were evaluated in 2014, who had participated in the 2010 and 2012 surveys. The Baecke questionnaire was used to evaluate the physical activity fields: school, sports and leisure time. ANOVA for repeated measures was used to compare the physical activity index (PAI) in years 2010, 2012 and 2014. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to relate PAI obtained in 2014 with previous years. Significant reduction was observed in both sexes in the total and school index in 2012 and 2014 in relation to 2010. The leisure time index also presented a significant reduction in male sex from 2012 to 2014 (p<0.05). In the correlation between 2014 and the previous years, boys demonstrated weak association in the leisure index in 2010 (rho=0.292). In the female sex, values were significant in the leisure time and total indexes (rho=0.263; rho=0.307) in 2010 and in the sports and total indexes (rho=0.337; rho=0.332) in 2012. The research indicates that PA of adolescents decreased with age advancement, resulting in low to moderate tracking.

摘要 尽管规律体力活动（physical activity, PA）的健康益处已得到广泛证实，但全国性的体力活动追踪研究仍较为匮乏。本研究旨在分析巴西巴拉那州雅卡雷济尼奥市青少年在2010、2012及2014年的体力活动追踪情况。研究对象为2014年接受评估的青少年（年龄为15.6±0.6岁），这些青少年均参与过2010年与2012年的调研。本研究采用Baecke问卷对三类体力活动维度进行评估：校园活动、运动活动及闲暇时间活动。采用重复测量方差分析对2010、2012及2014年的体力活动指数（physical activity index, PAI）进行组间比较；采用斯皮尔曼相关系数分析2014年测得的体力活动指数与此前两年的相关性。结果显示，相较于2010年，2012年与2014年男女两性的总体力活动指数及校园活动指数均出现显著下降。男性群体的闲暇时间活动指数在2012年至2014年间也存在显著降低（p<0.05）。在2014年与此前年份的相关性分析中，男性在2010年的闲暇时间活动指数仅呈现弱相关（rho=0.292）。女性群体则在2010年的闲暇时间活动指数与总体力活动指数上呈现显著相关性（rho=0.263；rho=0.307），并在2012年的运动活动指数与总体力活动指数上存在显著相关（rho=0.337；rho=0.332）。本研究结果表明，青少年的体力活动随年龄增长而逐渐减少，其体力活动的追踪性处于低至中等水平。