Effect of location on dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seed production and seedling vigour

This study examined if dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown at northern latitudes develop seeds with superior yielding potential compared with plants grown at more southern latitudes. Two lines (BND3085 and BND3106) were grown at four sites across latitudes ranging from 52°N to 3°S. BND3085 and BND3106 seeds from Saskatoon grown plants (52°N) had the least damaged seed coats but the highest degree of electrolyte leakage from the seed and the lowest maximum germination rates. The Saskatoon (BND3085 and BND3106) and Nunhem (BND3106) seed lots had the lowest maximum germination rates when germinated at 28°C, 12°C, or when exposed to saline (100 mM NaCl) conditions. Saskatoon BND3085 seed produced plants with the lowest aboveground vegetative and total seed dry matter as well as the lowest pod number per plant. In contrast, plants grown from Saskatoon BND3106 seed produced 1.5-fold more total pods, 1.3-fold more total pods and 1.4-fold higher seed dry matter per plant as compared to plants grown from the Nunhem (51°N) or Arusha seed sources. This resulted in a 2.4–4.5% higher harvest index. These results suggest cultivar-specific dwarf French bean seed propagation at more northern sites may increase the productivity of the resulting crop.

本研究旨在探究北纬地区种植的矮生菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）所结种子，是否较低纬度（更南）种植的植株种子具备更优的产量潜力。本实验选取两个品系（BND3085与BND3106），在纬度跨度为52°N至3°S的4个试验站点开展种植。来自萨斯卡通（52°N）种植植株的BND3085和BND3106种子，种皮损伤程度最低，但种子电解质渗漏率最高，且最大发芽率最低。在28℃、12℃发芽条件下，或经100 mM氯化钠（NaCl）盐胁迫处理时，萨斯卡通常规品系（BND3085、BND3106）与努恩赫姆品系（BND3106）的种子批均表现出最低的最大发芽率。由萨斯卡通来源的BND3085种子长成的植株，其地上部营养干物质、总种子干物质积累量均最低，单株荚数也最少。与之相反，以萨斯卡通来源的BND3106种子种植的植株，单株总荚数较努恩赫姆（51°N）或阿鲁沙来源种子种植的植株高出1.5倍、1.3倍，单株种子干物质积累量高出1.4倍，最终使收获指数提升2.4%~4.5%。本研究结果表明，针对特定品系在更北的试验站点开展矮生菜豆种子繁育，可提升后续作物的生产性能。