Data_Sheet_7_Response of Soil Fungal Community Structure to Long-Term Continuous Soybean Cropping.PDF

Long-term continuous soybean cropping can lead to the aggravation of soil fungal disease. However, the manner in which the fungal community and functional groups of fungi are affected by continuous soybean cropping remains unclear. We investigated the fungal abundance, composition and diversity during soybean rotation (RS), 2-year (SS) and long-term (CS) continuous soybean cropping systems using quantitative real-time PCR and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the fungal abundance was significantly higher in CS than in SS and RS. CS altered the fungal composition. Compared with RS, SS had an increase of 29 and a decrease of 12 genera in fungal relative abundance, and CS increased 38 and decreased 17 genera. The Shannon index was significantly higher in CS and SS than in RS. The result of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that CS and SS grouped together and were clearly separated from RS on the PCoA1. A total of 32 features accounted for the differences in fungal composition across RS, SS, and CS. The relative abundance of 10 potentially pathogenic and 10 potentially beneficial fungi changed, and most of their relative abundances dramatically increased in SS and CS compared with RS. Our study indicated that CS results in selective stress on pathogenic and beneficial fungi and causes the development of the fungal community structure that is antagonistic to plant health.

长期连作大豆会加剧土壤真菌病害。然而，大豆连作对真菌群落及真菌功能类群的影响机制仍不明晰。本研究采用实时荧光定量PCR（quantitative real-time PCR）与高通量测序技术，对大豆轮作（RS）、2年连作（SS）及长期连作（CS）体系下的真菌丰度、群落组成与多样性进行了调查。结果表明，长期连作大豆（CS）的真菌丰度显著高于2年连作（SS）与轮作（RS），且长期连作改变了真菌群落组成。与RS相比，SS的真菌相对丰度显著升高的属有29个、降低的有12个；CS则分别有38个属相对丰度升高、17个属降低。香农指数在CS与SS组中显著高于RS组。主坐标分析（principal coordinate analysis, PCoA）结果显示，CS与SS组聚为一类，且在PCoA图谱上与RS组清晰分离。共有32个特征变量解释了RS、SS与CS三组间真菌群落组成的差异。10种潜在致病真菌与10种潜在有益真菌的相对丰度均发生显著变化，且与RS组相比，SS与CS组中绝大多数此类真菌的相对丰度均显著升高。本研究表明，长期连作大豆会对致病与有益真菌产生选择性胁迫，并促使形成不利于植物健康的真菌群落结构。