Storage of seeds harvested from different positions of the floral scape to obtain imperial bromeliad plants - Alcantarea imperialis

Abstract Non-simultaneous dehiscence of bromeliads fruits should be considered for seed propagation purpose. The aim of this work was to evaluate the best method for the production of imperial bromeliad plants considering the simultaneous harvesting of the seeds of different positions of the floral scape in the period of base fruits dehiscence and its storage for later use in the production of plants. Seeds were harvested from the base, middle and top of the floral scape and stored for 26, 61, 154 and 213 days at 10 °C and 25 °C. Plants emergency were evaluated in gerbox with filter paper, and in vitro germination and growth with 10, 20 and 30 g.L-1 of sucrose. Seeds harvested from the base and stored for up to two months at 10 °C showed the highest percentage of plants emergence (57%). The best sucrose concentrations for in vitro germination was 10 g.L-1 and for plant growth 20 g.L-1. Considering the vulnerability of this bromeliad, the use of the seeds of all the floral scape can be a conservation strategy.

摘要：凤梨科植物果实的非同步开裂特性，在种子繁殖工作中值得重点考量。本研究以擎天凤梨（imperial bromeliad）为对象，旨在评估其最优种苗繁育方案，具体围绕基部果实开裂期同时采收花葶不同位置的种子，并将种子贮藏以备后续种苗生产的流程展开评估。研究分别从花葶的基部、中部及顶部采集种子，随后在10℃与25℃条件下分别贮藏26天、61天、154天及213天。以铺有滤纸的发芽盒（gerbox）开展种苗出苗率评估，并设置10、20、30 g·L⁻¹三个蔗糖浓度梯度，开展离体萌发与种苗生长试验。结果显示，于10℃下贮藏不超过2个月的基部采集种子，其种苗出苗率最高，可达57%。离体萌发的最适蔗糖浓度为10 g·L⁻¹，而种苗生长的最适蔗糖浓度则为20 g·L⁻¹。鉴于该凤梨科植物的生存脆弱性，利用花葶全部位种子进行繁育，可作为一项有效的种质资源保护策略。