Table_1_Building a New Ocean Literacy Approach Based on a Simulated Dive in a Submarine: A Multisensory Workshop to Bring the Deep Sea Closer to People.DOCX

The deep sea is considered the largest environment on Earth, providing multiple ecosystem services to human societies. Although its relevance has long been recognized, not enough attention and interest is generally given to it by society, and its study is almost non-existent in formal and informal education. Getting the deep sea closer to the general public would considerably benefit from the commitment of scientists involved in deep-sea research, who could generate effective educational tools based on their own personal experiences in research projects. Here we report the development of an immersive workshop that displays video footage and sounds recorded during scientific dives inside a replica of a submarine. The workshop recreates with as much detail as possible the experience of researchers when exploring the deep sea using modern technologies, in this case a manned submersible. The workshop is conducted by scientists from the same research team which carried out the study, aiming to transmit their expertise and personal experience to participants. The workshop is complemented with additional spaces that allow the exchange of knowledge and ideas between scientists and the general public. It also shows other, more intrusive, sampling methodologies traditionally used to prospect and study the deep sea, putting them in contrast with modern techniques, more respectful with the environment. Since its first exhibition in 2010, the workshop has been displayed at over 50 events held in different locations around Spain, including educational fairs, museums, schools and fishermen associations. Over 6,000 participants have taken part in the activity, most of which have expressed their opinions and suggestions about the workshop by voluntarily filling a specific survey, and thus helping to improve it. They also stated which aspects of the deep-sea life were unknown to them. Thanks to its versatility and to its simple operation, this educational workshop opens a wide range of possibilities to significantly improve the current knowledge on marine life (and deep-sea ecosystems in particular) by the general public, also aiming to reduce the distance between academia and citizenship.

深海被认为是地球上规模最为广袤的生态环境，可为人类社会提供多样化的生态系统服务（ecosystem services）。尽管其重要性早已得到认可，但社会大众对其关注度与参与兴趣仍普遍不足，且正规与非正规教育体系中几乎未开设深海相关的学习内容。若要拉近大众与深海的距离，深海科研人员的积极参与将起到显著推动作用——他们可依托自身科研项目中的亲身实践经历，开发高效的科普教育载体。本文报道了一款沉浸式科普工作坊的研发过程：该工作坊依托复刻版载人潜水器（manned submersible）舱内搭载的、科考潜次采集的视频影像与声学记录，尽可能细致地还原科研人员借助这类现代技术开展深海探索的真实体验。本工作坊由参与该科考项目的同一研究团队的科研人员主持，旨在向参与者传递专业知识与亲历经验。工作坊还配套设置了互动交流专区，为科研人员与大众搭建知识与思想碰撞的平台。此外，工作坊还展示了传统深海勘探与研究中常用的侵入式采样方法，并将其与对环境更为友好的现代技术进行对比。自2010年首次展出以来，该工作坊已在西班牙各地的50余场活动中亮相，覆盖教育展会、博物馆、学校与渔民协会等多种场景。累计已有超6000名参与者参与该活动，其中大多数人通过自愿填写专属调查问卷，分享了对本工作坊的评价与改进建议，同时也坦言了自身此前对哪些深海生物知识不甚了解。凭借其多功能性与简易的操作模式，这款科普工作坊为大众大幅提升海洋生物认知水平（尤其是深海生态系统相关知识）提供了多元路径，同时也致力于缩小学术圈与普通民众之间的认知鸿沟。