Predicted Habitat Use for Reintroduced Grizzly Bears in the Transboundary North Cascades Ecosystem

This data release provides raster datasets of relative predicted habitat use for grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) reintroduced to the transboundary North Cascades Ecosystem (NCE) of Washington State (United States) and British Columbia (Canada). The datasets represent predicted post-release habitat use by a small founding group of translocated grizzly bears during the early stages of recovery. Predicted habitat maps were generated using individual-based movement simulations parameterized with integrated step selection functions developed for grizzly bears in the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem, a likely source population for future translocations. Model transferability was evaluated using GPS collar data from nearby Canadian populations, and an elevation-based calibration was applied to reduce extrapolation into low-elevation environments not represented in the training data. This release includes uncalibrated (“no calibration”) and elevation-calibrated predicted habitat maps for the NCE, provided for both sexes combined and separately by sex. All datasets are summarized as raster layers of relative predicted habitat use, binned into ten equal-area quantile classes (1 = lowest, 10 = highest). These spatial data products are intended to support early-stage recovery planning, including evaluation of potential release areas and anticipation of zones where human–bear interactions may be more likely.

本数据集发布提供了针对重新引入至美国华盛顿州与加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省跨界北喀斯喀特生态系统（North Cascades Ecosystem, NCE）的灰熊（Ursus arctos）的相对预测栖息地利用栅格数据集。该数据集表征了一小群迁地灰熊奠基种群在恢复初期阶段的释放后栖息地利用预测结果。栖息地预测图基于个体移动模拟生成，该模拟的参数化设置采用了为北大陆分水岭生态系统（Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem）灰熊开发的整合步长选择函数（integrated step selection functions），而北大陆分水岭生态系统或是未来灰熊迁地移植的潜在源种群所在地。研究利用来自加拿大邻近种群的GPS项圈数据（GPS collar data）评估了模型的可迁移性，并应用了基于海拔的校准方法，以减少向训练数据未覆盖的低海拔环境进行外推的情况。本次发布包含针对北喀斯喀特生态系统的未校准（“无校准”）与经海拔校准的栖息地预测图，同时提供了按两性合并与按性别分别划分的数据集。所有数据集均以相对预测栖息地利用的栅格图层形式汇总，并被划分为10个等面积分位数等级（1代表最低利用等级，10代表最高利用等级）。这些空间数据产品旨在为恢复初期规划提供支持，包括评估潜在放归区域以及预判人类与灰熊互动概率更高的区域。