Data_Sheet_7_Investigating the effects of radiation, T cell depletion, and bone marrow transplantation on murine gut microbiota.PDF

Microbiome research has gained much attention in recent years as the importance of gut microbiota in regulating host health becomes increasingly evident. However, the impact of radiation on the microbiota in the murine bone marrow transplantation model is still poorly understood. In this paper, we present key findings from our study on how radiation, followed by bone marrow transplantation with or without T cell depletion, impacts the microbiota in the ileum and caecum. Our findings show that radiation has different effects on the microbiota of the two intestinal regions, with the caecum showing increased interindividual variation, suggesting an impaired ability of the host to regulate microbial symbionts, consistent with the Anna Karenina principle. Additionally, we observed changes in the ileum composition, including an increase in bacterial taxa that are important modulators of host health, such as Akkermansia and Faecalibaculum. In contrast, radiation in the caecum was associated with an increased abundance of several common commensal taxa in the gut, including Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroides. Finally, we found that high doses of radiation had more substantial effects on the caecal microbiota of the T-cell-depleted group than that of the non-T-cell-depleted group. Overall, our results contribute to a better understanding of the complex relationship between radiation and the gut microbiota in the context of bone marrow transplantation and highlight the importance of considering different intestinal regions when studying microbiome responses to environmental stressors.

近年来，随着肠道菌群（gut microbiota）调控宿主健康的重要性日益明晰，微生物组（Microbiome）研究受到了广泛关注。然而，目前针对辐射在小鼠骨髓移植模型（murine bone marrow transplantation model）中对菌群的影响，相关认知仍较为匮乏。本研究围绕辐射联合伴或不伴T细胞清除（T cell depletion）的骨髓移植操作对小鼠回肠（ileum）与盲肠（caecum）菌群的影响展开，本文呈现了该研究的核心发现。研究结果显示，辐射对两个肠道区域的菌群存在差异化调控效应：盲肠菌群的个体间差异显著升高，提示宿主调控微生物共生体的能力受损，这与安娜·卡列尼娜原理（Anna Karenina principle）相符。此外，我们观察到回肠菌群组成发生改变，其中宿主健康的重要调节菌的丰度有所上升，例如阿克曼氏菌属（Akkermansia）与粪杆菌属（Faecalibaculum）。与之相反，盲肠受辐射影响后，肠道内多种常见共生菌分类群的丰度显著提升，其中包括毛螺菌科（Lachnospiraceae）与拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）。最后，我们发现相较于非T细胞清除组，高剂量辐射对T细胞清除组小鼠的盲肠菌群产生的影响更为显著。综上，本研究结果有助于更深入地理解骨髓移植背景下辐射与肠道菌群之间的复杂关联，并强调在探究微生物组对环境应激源的响应时，需充分考虑不同肠道区域的差异。