DataS1_Database

We assessed the species-specific response of 14 arboreal and ground mammals to landscape-scale forest loss and fragmentation measured across different scales in the Lacandon rainforest, Mexico. Most species (6 of 14 species, 43%) were weakly related to forest loss, or positively associated with it (7 of 14, 50%), likely because in this young agricultural frontier some individuals can crowd in the remaining forest patches. Only the Geoffroy’s spider monkey was negatively impacted by forest loss. We did not find evidence of extinction thresholds (nonlinear responses to forest loss) in any species. Only in four species fragmentation per se provided a slightly better fit to the data, but its effect was non-significant. Our multiscale analysis revealed that the scale of effect of forest loss and fragmentation was independent of body mass and habitat use (arboreal vs. ground).