Complete genome sequence determined by the Genolevures Consortium in a comparative genomics study of hemiascomycete yeasts. Yarrowia lipolytica CLIB122

In a comparative genomics study designed to examine eukaryotic genome evolution, the Genolevures Consortium determined the complete genome sequences of the yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica, Kluyveromyces lactis, Candida glabrata, and Debaryomyces hansenii. These four hemiascomycete yeasts represent a broad evolutionary range within a single eukaryotic phylum. The Genolevures Consortium sequenced the Yarrowia lipolytica strain CLIB122 genome at 10X coverage using whole genome shotgun (WGS) sequencing. They assembled the Yarrowia lipolytica sequences into chromosomes with 11 total gaps. The Genolevures Consortium annotated the four yeast genome sequences, identifying approximately 24,200 novel genes. They classified the corresponding protein products, together with Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins, into about 4,700 families. Genomic analysis revealed that the different yeast lineages have evolved through a variety of molecular mechanisms, including tandem gene repeat formation, segmental duplication, a massive genome duplication, and extensive gene loss.

本研究为一项旨在解析真核生物基因组演化的比较基因组学研究，由Genolevures联盟（Genolevures Consortium）主导完成，测定了解脂耶氏酵母（Yarrowia lipolytica）、乳酸克鲁维酵母（Kluyveromyces lactis）、光滑假丝酵母（Candida glabrata）以及汉逊德巴利酵母（Debaryomyces hansenii）四种酵母的全基因组序列。这四种半子囊菌酵母隶属于同一真核门类，涵盖了该类群宽泛的演化谱系范围。
Genolevures联盟采用全基因组霰弹枪测序（whole genome shotgun, WGS）技术，对解脂耶氏酵母CLIB122菌株的基因组进行了10倍覆盖度的测序，并将其测序序列组装为染色体级别的拼接序列，共保留11处序列缺口。
Genolevures联盟对这四种酵母的基因组序列完成基因注释，共鉴定得到约24200个新基因。研究团队将上述酵母的蛋白产物与酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）的蛋白一同进行家族分类，最终划分得到约4700个蛋白家族。
基因组分析结果显示，不同酵母谱系通过多种分子演化机制实现适应性演化，包括串联基因重复形成、片段性复制、一次大规模基因组复制以及广泛的基因丢失事件。