Stay or fly away? Impact of human disturbance on shorebird individuals and populations

These data comprise the data of four chapters from the PhD thesis from van der Kolk (2021) entitled ‘Stay or fly away? Impact of human disturbance on shorebird individuals and populations.’ The thesis focusses on quantifying the impacts of human disturbance on oystercatchers. This dataset contains data from chapters 4, 5, 7 and 10.

For Chapter 4 field observations were done to observe how shorebirds responded to aircraft overflights at different sites. The data provides an overview of the disturbance probability (i.e. the probability that birds took flight) following aircraft overflights, for different bird species, locations and aircraft types. These data were used to test whether there was a relationship between aircraft overflight frequency and disturbance probability.

For Chapters 5 and 7 oystercatchers were equipped with GPS trackers to study the effects of disturbance on space use. The data of Chapter 5 provides GPS locations of oystercatchers in relation to the timings of military exercises. These data were used to quantify whether oystercatchers avoided the military training area during and immediately after military exercises. The data of Chapter 7 contains GPS locations of oystercatchers in relation to the moment of high tide and provides the roosting location. These data were used to study whether oystercatchers avoided a disturbed roost site in the tourist season.

For Chapter 10 an individual based model was constructed that was used to quantify whether disturbance affected winter mortality of oystercatchers. The individual based model was written in Python. The data contains the full code of the model, as well as all input files needed to run the model.

本数据集收录van der Kolk（2021）博士论文第四章、第五章、第七章与第十章的相关数据，该论文题为《驻足抑或飞离？人类干扰对鸻鹬类（shorebird）个体与种群的影响》，其研究核心为量化人类干扰对蛎鹬（oystercatcher）的影响。

针对第四章，研究团队开展野外观测，以记录不同区域内鸻鹬类对航空器飞越的响应行为。数据集提供了不同鸟类类群、观测点位及航空器类型下，航空器飞越后的干扰概率（即鸟类起飞逃逸的概率）相关观测数据，该数据被用于验证航空器飞越频次与干扰概率间是否存在关联。

针对第五章与第七章，研究人员为蛎鹬佩戴GPS追踪器，以探究人类干扰对其空间利用模式的影响。其中，第五章的数据记录了蛎鹬的GPS定位信息与军事演习时间节点的对应关系，用于量化蛎鹬是否会在军事演习期间及演习结束后即刻避开军事训练区域。第七章的数据则包含了蛎鹬的GPS定位信息与涨潮时刻的对应关系，并提供了其夜栖位点的相关记录，该数据被用于研究蛎鹬是否会在旅游旺季避开受干扰的夜栖场地。

针对第十章，研究人员构建了基于个体的模型（individual based model），用于量化人类干扰对蛎鹬冬季死亡率的影响。该模型采用Python语言编写，本数据集包含该模型的完整代码，以及运行该模型所需的全部输入文件。