UK Biodiversity Indicator C1, Protected areas

This spreadsheet is the underlying data for the biodiversity indicator C1, Protected areas,

Designation and management of protected areas are key mechanisms for taking action to reverse the loss of biodiversity. These protected areas cover many of the most valuable sites for biodiversity in the UK with associated legal mechanisms for safeguarding habitats and species. Wider countryside designations have a number of purposes, including conservation and public enjoyment.

In a densely populated country like the UK, where the landscape and habitats have been modified by centuries of use, protected areas often need to be actively managed to ensure the species and habitats they contain persist into the future. The condition indicator is a measure of the outcomes of management action and conservation policy on protected areas.

The extent indicator is a calculation of the net (non-overlapping) extent of protected areas using mean high water as the boundary between the at-sea and on-land measures. The indicator was expanded in 2014 to include wider countryside designations, sites designated under the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar sites), and new marine protected areas. In 2015, National Nature Reserves were added to the indicator.

Sites are designated with the aim of conserving specific biological or geological features. The condition of these features is assessed on a rolling cycle against agreed standards. A monitoring programme was initiated in 1998 to evaluate the outcomes of management action and conservation policy. The indicator (Figure C1ii) identifies the proportion of these features - by feature or by area - that are in a desired state (favourable) or have appropriate management (recovering). The underpinning legislation for A/SSSIs extends to low water, so the condition part of the indicator is, effectively, a terrestrial measure.

This is one of a suite of 24 UK biodiversity indicators published by JNCC on behalf of Defra; the latest publication date was 19 January 2016 - for indicator C1 the latest data are for 2015. The supporting technical document details the methodology used to create the indicator.

本电子表格构成了生物多样性指标C1的底层数据，涉及保护区域的指定与管理。保护区域的指定与管理是采取行动以扭转生物多样性丧失的关键机制。这些保护区域涵盖了英国众多极具生物多样性价值的地点，并配备了相应的法律机制以保护栖息地和物种。更广泛的乡村指定具有多种目的，包括保护和公众享受。在英国这样一个人口密集的国家，由于数百年的使用，景观和栖息地已发生改变，因此保护区域往往需要主动管理，以确保其中所包含的物种和栖息地能够持续到未来。状况指标是衡量管理行动和 conservation 政策对保护区域影响结果的一种衡量方式。范围指标是通过使用平均高潮位作为海上和陆上测量的分界线，对保护区域净（非重叠）范围进行计算。该指标于2014年扩展，包括更广泛的乡村指定、根据《关于国际重要湿地公约》（拉姆萨尔湿地）指定的地点以及新的海洋保护区。2015年，国家自然保护区被纳入该指标。指定地点的目的是为了保护特定的生物或地质特征。这些特征的状况将根据约定的标准进行滚动周期评估。自1998年起，启动了一项监测计划，以评估管理行动和 conservation 政策的结果。该指标（图C1ii）确定了这些特征——按特征或按面积——处于期望状态（有利）或具有适当管理（恢复中）的比例。A/SSSIs 的基础法律延伸至低潮位，因此，该指标的状况部分实质上是一种陆地测量。这是由JNCC代表 Defra 发布的24个英国生物多样性指标之一；最新的出版日期为2016年1月19日——对于指标C1，最新的数据为2015年。支持的技术文件详细说明了创建该指标所使用的方法。