Data Sheet 4_Genome-wide association for multiple quantitative traits in forage oat germplasm based on specific length amplified fragment sequencing.pdf

Oats (Avena sativa L.) is an ideal forage species due to its excellent production performance, high nutritional value, and robust adaptability. In the present study, we analyzed plant height (PH), panicle length (PL), stem diameter (SD), node number (NN), flag leaf length (FLL), flag leaf width (FLW), second leaf length (SLL), and second leaf width (SLW) in a collection containing 340 forage oat accessions, in order to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for identifying markers associated with the eight traits. We genotyped this collection using specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq). Phenotypes for PH, PL, SD, NN, FLL, FLW, SLL, and SLW were collected under natural conditions in four environments. GWAS analyses detected six significant associations for NN and three for FLL. Candidate genes of the nine associations were screened and discussed. Several genes were found to be associated with node number, including zinc finger MYM-type protein 1-like isoform X1, ervatamin-B-like, Pimeloyl-ACP methyl ester carboxylesterase, and ACT domain-containing protein ACR4-like, involved in cell division and organ development. Additionally, three genes were linked to flag leaf length—putative aquaporin PIP2-2, triacylglycerol lipase OBL1-like, and scarecrow-like protein 21—involved in the regulation of plant development and stress response. These SNP markers may be useful to accelerate the breeding progress of forage oat in temperate monsoon environments.

普通栽培燕麦（Avena sativa L.）因兼具优异的生产性能、较高的营养价值与较强的环境适应性，是理想的饲用作物。本研究针对包含340份饲用燕麦种质资源的群体，对株高（plant height, PH）、穗长（panicle length, PL）、茎粗（stem diameter, SD）、节数（node number, NN）、旗叶长（flag leaf length, FLL）、旗叶宽（flag leaf width, FLW）、倒二叶长（second leaf length, SLL）与倒二叶宽（second leaf width, SLW）共8个性状开展表型鉴定，旨在通过全基因组关联分析（genome-wide association study, GWAS）筛选与这8个性状相关的分子标记。本研究采用特异性长度扩增片段测序（specific length amplified fragment sequencing, SLAF-seq）技术对该种质群体进行基因分型。上述8个性状的表型数据均于4种自然环境下采集完成。全基因组关联分析共检测到6个与节数相关的显著关联位点，以及3个与旗叶长相关的显著关联位点。研究对这9个关联位点的候选基因进行了筛选与功能解析：多个与节数相关的基因被鉴定，包括锌指MYM型蛋白1样同工型X1、ervatamin-B样蛋白、庚酰基-ACP甲酯羧酸酯酶以及含ACT结构域的蛋白ACR4样蛋白，上述基因均参与细胞分裂与器官发育过程。此外，还鉴定出3个与旗叶长相关的候选基因，分别为推定水通道蛋白PIP2-2、三酰甘油脂肪酶OBL1样蛋白以及scarecrow样蛋白21，这些基因参与植物发育调控与胁迫响应过程。上述SNP标记可用于加速温带季风气候区饲用燕麦的育种进程。