Physical activity and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients in hemodialysis

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical activity level of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and correlate it to the quality of life (QOL). This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. Eight-four patients diagnosed with CKD participated in the study. The instruments used were: The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to identify the level of physical activity and the 36-Item Short-Form Survey (SF-36) to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Descriptive statistical analyzes were performed (mean and standard deviation). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used, and the absence of data normality was observed. Mann-Whitney’s U test was used to compare the HRQOL between groups (active and insufficiently active), and Spearman’s correlation coefficient test was used to correlate the level of physical activity and the HRQOL. The significance level adopted was 5% (p≤0.05). It was found that 61.9% (n=51) of the participants were active. Regarding the comparison of groups, active patients presented better perception of HRQOL when compared to the insufficiently active ones. Additionally, from the Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient, it was observed that the physical activity level is correlated with HRQOL, with significant statistics in several SF-36 dimensions. Thus, it is suggested that the regular practice of physical activity may contribute to a better perception of HRQOL of HD patients.

摘要 本研究旨在评估接受血液透析（hemodialysis, HD）的慢性肾脏病（chronic kidney disease, CKD）患者的体力活动水平，并探讨其与生活质量（quality of life, QOL）的相关性。本研究为采用定量研究方法的横断面研究，共纳入84名确诊慢性肾脏病的患者作为研究对象。研究工具包括：用于评估体力活动水平的国际体力活动问卷（International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ），以及用于评估健康相关生活质量（health-related quality of life, HRQOL）的36条目简明健康调查问卷（36-Item Short-Form Survey, SF-36）。本研究开展了描述性统计分析（均值与标准差）；采用科尔莫戈罗夫-斯米尔诺夫检验验证数据正态性，结果显示数据不满足正态分布。采用曼-惠特尼U检验比较体力活动充足组与不足组的健康相关生活质量，采用斯皮尔曼相关系数检验分析体力活动水平与健康相关生活质量的相关性。本研究设定显著性水平为5%（p≤0.05）。研究结果显示，61.9%（n=51）的参与者体力活动充足。组间比较结果表明，体力活动充足的患者其健康相关生活质量感知优于体力活动不足的患者。此外，斯皮尔曼相关系数分析结果显示，体力活动水平与健康相关生活质量呈显著相关，且在SF-36的多个维度中均具有统计学意义。综上，本研究提示定期进行体力活动或可改善血液透析患者的健康相关生活质量感知。