Mortality of women of fertile age between 2006 and 2019: causes and trends

Abstract The aim of this study is to analyze the trend of the main causes of death of women of reproductive age (WRA) in Brazil by age group from 2006 to 2019. Data used are from the Mortality Information System (SIM) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) of Brazil. The main causes of death of WRA (10 to 49 years) were divided by chapters as per the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10). Subsequently, a temporal trend analysis was performed using polynomial regression models for the main causes of death in WRA. In Brazil, the highest mortality rates by cause by 100,000 WRA occurred due to: neoplasms (25.34), diseases of the circulatory system (20.15), external causes (18.69), infectious and parasitic diseases (8.79) and respiratory system diseases (6.37). For the analyzed period, after standardization, the mortality rate due to diseases of the circulatory and respiratory systems, and infectious and parasitic conditions showed a decreasing trend, with a significant drop of 26.6% for diseases of the circulatory system; while external causes and neoplasms showed an increasing trend from 2006 to 2012 and decreasing from 2013 onwards. Identifying the main causes of death of WRA in each age group is required to guide the planning of actions to optimize resources and obtain better results in women’s health.

摘要 本研究旨在分析2006年至2019年巴西各年龄组育龄女性（Women of Reproductive Age, WRA）的主要死亡原因变化趋势。本研究数据来源于巴西死亡监测信息系统（Mortality Information System, SIM）及巴西地理与统计研究所（Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, IBGE）。研究将10至49岁育龄女性的主要死亡原因按照《国际疾病分类第10版》（International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, ICD-10）的章节进行分类，随后针对育龄女性的主要死亡原因采用多项式回归模型开展时间趋势分析。
巴西每10万名育龄女性的主要死亡病因对应的死亡率依次为：肿瘤（25.34）、循环系统疾病（20.15）、外部病因（18.69）、传染病与寄生虫病（8.79）及呼吸系统疾病（6.37）。在本次分析时段内，经标化后，循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病以及传染病与寄生虫病的死亡率呈下降趋势，其中循环系统疾病死亡率显著下降26.6%；而外部病因与肿瘤死亡率在2006年至2012年间呈上升趋势，2013年起转为下降。明确各年龄组育龄女性的主要死亡原因，可为优化卫生资源配置、制定针对性行动规划以提升女性健康水平提供科学指导。