Replication data for: Voting in a Multidimensional Space: A Conjoint Analysis Employing Valence and Ideology Attributes of Candidates

Most formal models of valence competition add a single, separable and unweighted component to the standard one-dimensional utility function of voters. We present the results of a conjoint analysis experiment where respondents are asked to choose between two candidates whose profiles vary along five attributes. Four of these traits behave like valence or policy issues as expected, but one, which has been employed in recent formal and empirical works, does not. Moreover, policy and valence are not separable. At least in some cases they interact, taking a competency form whereby the marginal impact of valence on voters' choice is conditional on candidates' policies. This result lends support to recent studies that have found more extensive valence voting under ideological convergence. Finally, policy trumps valence in awkward choices. Respondents even prefer corrupt candidates with similar policy views than honest ones with different opinions, despite integrity being declared the most important attribute.

当前关于价值竞争（valence competition）的主流形式化模型，均会在选民的标准一维效用函数（one-dimensional utility function）中增设单一、可分离且无权重的分量。本文呈现了一项联合分析实验（conjoint analysis experiment）的结果：实验要求受访者在五项特征维度存在差异的两名候选人之间做出选择。其中四项特质如预期般分别表现为价值特质（valence）或政策议题的作用模式，但一项在近期形式化与实证研究中被广泛采用的特质却并未遵循该规律。此外，政策与价值特质并非相互独立：至少在部分场景中二者存在交互效应，呈现出能力属性的形态——即价值特质对选民选择的边际影响（marginal impact），会随候选人的政策立场发生动态变化。该结论为近期相关研究提供了实证支撑：这些研究发现，在意识形态趋同（ideological convergence）的情境下，价值取向投票的现象会更为普遍。最后，在两难抉择情境中，政策立场优先于价值特质：尽管受访者曾将廉洁性列为最重要的特质，但他们甚至更倾向于选择政策立场相近的贪腐候选人，而非立场相异的廉洁候选人。