Table_1_Comparative Transcriptome Analyses of the Developmental Stages of Taenia multiceps.XLSX

Cerebral coenurosis, caused by the larvae of Taenia multiceps (Coenurus cerebralis), is a fatal central nervous system disease in sheep and other herbivores and occasionally humans. Comparative transcriptomic profiles of the developmental stages of the parasite remain unknown. In this study, RNA sequencing was used to determine the transcriptome profiles of different stages of the life cycle of T. multiceps, including Oncosphere, Coenurus cerebralis (Pro with Cyst), and Adult (Adu), as well as scolex-neck proglottids (Snp), immature–mature proglottids (Imp), and gravid proglottids (Grp) of the adult stage. A total of 42.6 Gb (average 6.1 Gb) Illumina pair-end reads with a 125-bp read length were generated for seven samples. The total number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the various life stages ranged from 2,577 to 3,879; however, for the tissues of the adult worm, the range was from 1,229 to 1,939. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that the DEGs mainly participated in cellular and metabolic processes, binding and catalytic activity, genetic information processing, and environmental information processing. In addition, a large number of genes related to development and parasite–host interaction were identified. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction confirmed that the levels of 28 selected DEGs were consistent with those determined using RNA sequencing. The present study provides insights into the mechanisms of the development and parasitic life of T. multiceps.

由多头条绦虫（Taenia multiceps）的幼虫脑多头蚴（Coenurus cerebralis）引发的脑多头蚴病，是绵羊及其他草食动物偶可感染人类的致死性中枢神经系统疾病。目前针对该寄生虫不同发育阶段的比较转录组学图谱研究仍属空白。本研究通过RNA测序（RNA sequencing）技术，解析了多头条绦虫生活史不同阶段的转录组特征，涵盖六钩蚴（Oncosphere）、脑多头蚴（Coenurus cerebralis，带囊头节）以及成虫（Adult, Adu）；同时还分析了成虫阶段的头节-颈节片（scolex-neck proglottids, Snp）、未成熟至成熟节片（immature–mature proglottids, Imp）以及孕卵节片（gravid proglottids, Grp）。本研究为7个样本共生成42.6 Gb的Illumina双端测序读段，单样本平均产出数据量为6.1 Gb，读长为125 bp。不同生活阶段的差异表达基因（differentially expressed genes, DEGs）总数介于2577至3879之间；而成虫虫体组织的差异表达基因总数则介于1229至1939之间。京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, KEGG）分析结果显示，差异表达基因主要参与细胞过程、代谢过程、结合活性与催化活性、遗传信息加工以及环境信息加工通路。此外，本研究还鉴定出大量与发育及寄生虫-宿主互作相关的基因。定量反转录聚合酶链反应（quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, qRT-PCR）验证表明，28个筛选出的差异表达基因的表达水平与RNA测序结果一致。本研究为解析多头条绦虫的发育及寄生生活机制提供了重要见解。