PAGE: CALiCo: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults(CARDIA)

CALiCo CARDIA The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study is a study examining how heart disease develops in adults. It began in 1986 with a group of 5115 black and white men and women aged 18-30 years. The participants were selected so that there would be approximately the same number of people in subgroups of race, gender, education (high school or less and more than high school) and age (18-24 and 25-30) in Birmingham, AL; Chicago, IL; Minneapolis, MN; and Oakland, CA. These same participants were asked to participate in follow-up examinations during 1987-1988 (Year 2), 1990-1991 (Year 5), 1992-1993 (Year 7), 1995-1996 (Year 10), 2000-2001 (Year 15), and 2005-2006 (Year 20). A majority of the group has been examined at each of the follow-up examinations (90%, 86%, 81%, 79%, 74%, and 72%, respectively). While the specifics of each examination has differed somewhat, data have been collected on a variety of factors believed to be related to heart disease. These include conditions with clear links to heart disease such as blood pressure, cholesterol and other lipids. Data have also been collected on physical measurements such as weight and skinfold fat as well as lifestyle factors such as substance use (tobacco and alcohol), dietary and exercise patterns, behavioral and psychological variables, medical and family history, and other chemistries (e.g., insulin and glucose). In addition, subclinical atherosclerosis was measured via echocardiography during Years 5 and 10, computed tomography during Years 15 and 20, and carotid ultrasound during Year 20. A detailed description of the study and results from the first examination are summarized in Cutter et al (Controlled Clinical Trials, Volume 12, Number 1 [supplement], pages 1S-77S, 1991).]]>
Manual of Operations: Type A/B InterviewAlcohol Use QuestionnaireAnthropometryManual of Operations: PhlebotomyManual of Operations: Blood PressureBlood PressureCook-Medley Hostility QuestionnaireManual of Operations: Data ManagementNutrition History - Dietary PracticesManual of Operations: Examination GuidelinesManual of Operations: ExerciseManual of Operations: Exit Interview InstructionsFamily HistoryFollowup Questions for Tobacco QuestionnaireFramingham Type A-B QuestionnaireGraded Exercise Treadmill Rescheduling & Exclusion CriteriaHistory of Lung ProblemsIllicit Drug UseManual of Operations: Psychosocial Self-Administered QuestionnairesManual of Operations: Interviewer Administered QuestionnairesJohn Henryism QuestionnaireLife EventsManual of Operations: OverviewManual of Operations Table of ContentsFollowup Questions for Medications for Asthma or other Breathing ProblemsFollowup Questions for MenMedical History: MenManual of Operations: NutritionPlebotomy FormPhysical Activity QuestionnaireProtocol: Administrative StructureProtocol: AppendixProtocol: ObjectivesProtocol: OverviewProtocol: PoliciesProtocol: PrefaceProtocol: RevisionsProtocol Table of ContentsProtocol: Ancillary StudiesProtocol: Blood PressureProtocol: Data ManagementProtocol: ExerciseProtocol: Medical HistoryProtocol: NutritionProtocol: PhlebotomyProtocol: PsychosocialProtocol: Pulmonary FunctionProtocol: Sampling and RecruitmentManual of Operations: Pulmonary FunctionManual of Operations: Quality ControlFollowup Questions for Antihypertensive MedicationsFollowup Questions for Birth Control PillsFollowup Questions for Cancer or TumorsFollowup Questions for DiabetesFollowup Questions for Gallstones or Gall Bladder Disease; Sickle Cell TraitFollowup Questions for Heart MedicationsFollowup Questions for Heart ProblemsFollowup Questions for High CholesterolFollowup Questions for Hormones Other Than Birth Control PillsFollowup Questions for HypertensionFollowup Questions for Kidney ProblemsFollowup Questions for Liver ProblemsFollowup Questions for Menstrual PeriodFollowup Questions for Nervous, Emotional or Mental DisordersFollowup Questions for Other Major Health ProblemsFollowup Questions for Other Prescription MedicationsFollowup Questions for PregnancyFollowup Questions for Sickle Cell TraitFollowup Questions for Stomach or Duodenal UlcerFollowup Questions for Thyroid ProblemsManual of Operations: RecruitmentManual of Operations: Revisions LogSeven-Day Physical Activity Recall QuestionnaireSocial Support QuestionnaireSociodemographicsTelephone InterviewTobacco QuestionnaireTreadmill Exercise TestType A Interviewer Rating FormWeight HistoryFollowup Questions for WomenMedical History: WomenCARDIA Exam Components — All YearsThe Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study was founded in 1986 to study the development of cardiovascular disease in young adults (n=5115, age range 18-30 at baseline). Genotyping was performed at the University of Texas Health Science Center using the ABI TaqMan platform.The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study was founded in 1986 to study the development of cardiovascular disease in young adults (n=5115, age range 18-30 at baseline). Genotyping was performed at the University of Texas Health Science Center using the ABI TaqMan platform.The initial examination included 5,115 participants selectively recruited to represent proportionate racial, gender, age, and education groups from 4 communities: Birmingham, AL; Chicago, IL; Minneapolis, MN; and Oakland, CA. Participants from the Birmingham, Chicago, and Minneapolis centers were recruited from the total community or from selected census tracts. Participants from the Oakland center were randomly recruited from the Kaiser-Permanente health plan membership.]]>
5,115 young adults aged 18 to 30 at baseline (1985-86) recruited from four field centers in Birmingham, AL, Chicago, IL, Minneapolis, MN, and Oakland, CA, equally distributed by age group, sex, race (black and white), and education (≤ high school, > high school). There are seven exams-years 0, 2, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20 (Year 25 scheduled for 2010).]]>

CALiCo CARDIA 青年成人冠状动脉风险发展研究（Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults, 简称CARDIA）是一项探究成人心血管疾病发病进程的队列研究。该研究于1986年启动，初始纳入5115名年龄介于18-30岁的黑人和白人男女受试者。研究按种族、性别、教育程度（高中及以下、高中以上）以及年龄（18-24岁、25-30岁）进行分层抽样，确保美国阿拉巴马州伯明翰、伊利诺伊州芝加哥、明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯以及加利福尼亚州奥克兰四个研究中心的各亚组人数大致均衡。
后续研究分别于1987-1988年（第2年）、1990-1991年（第5年）、1992-1993年（第7年）、1995-1996年（第10年）、2000-2001年（第15年）以及2005-2006年（第20年）对同一批受试者开展随访检查。多数受试者参与了各次随访检查，各次随访的参与率分别为90%、86%、81%、79%、74%与72%。
尽管各次检查的具体细节存在一定差异，但研究收集了多种与心血管疾病相关的因素数据，包括明确与心脏病存在关联的血压、胆固醇及其他脂质指标等。同时采集了体重、皮褶脂肪等人体测量学数据，以及吸烟、饮酒等物质使用情况、饮食与运动模式、行为与心理变量、医疗与家族病史，还有胰岛素、葡萄糖等其他生化指标数据。此外，研究分别在第5年和第10年通过超声心动图（echocardiography）测量亚临床动脉粥样硬化，第15年和第20年采用计算机断层扫描（computed tomography）进行检测，第20年采用颈动脉超声（carotid ultrasound）完成相关评估。该研究的详细方案与首次检查结果已由Cutter等人总结发表于《Controlled Clinical Trials》1991年第12卷第1期（增刊），页码为1S-77S。

配套的操作手册与问卷包括：A型/B型访谈操作手册、酒精使用问卷、人体测量学操作手册、静脉采血操作手册、血压测量操作手册、库克-梅迪利敌意量表（Cook-Medley Hostility Questionnaire）、数据管理操作手册、营养史-饮食行为问卷、检查指南操作手册、运动相关操作手册、退出访谈指导手册、家族史问卷、烟草使用问卷随访问题、弗雷明汉A型-B型问卷（Framingham Type A-B Questionnaire）、分级运动平板试验、重新安排与排除标准、肺部疾病史问卷、非法药物使用情况问卷、心理社会自评问卷操作手册、访谈者施测问卷操作手册、约翰亨利主义量表（John Henryism Questionnaire）、生活事件问卷、研究概述操作手册、操作手册目录、哮喘或其他呼吸疾病用药随访问题、男性健康随访问题、男性病史手册、营养相关操作手册、静脉采血记录表、体力活动问卷、行政结构方案、附录方案、研究目标方案、研究概述方案、研究政策方案、前言、修订说明、方案目录、辅助研究方案、血压方案、数据管理方案、运动方案、病史采集方案、营养方案、静脉采血方案、心理社会评估方案、肺功能方案、抽样与招募方案、肺功能操作手册、质量控制操作手册、降压药使用随访问题、避孕药使用随访问题、癌症或肿瘤随访问题、糖尿病随访问题、胆囊结石或胆囊疾病、镰状细胞特征随访问题、心脏用药随访问题、心脏疾病随访问题、高胆固醇血症随访问题、除避孕药外的激素使用随访问题、高血压随访问题、肾脏疾病随访问题、肝脏疾病随访问题、月经周期随访问题、神经、情绪或精神障碍随访问题、其他重大健康问题随访问题、其他处方药使用随访问题、妊娠随访问题、镰状细胞特征随访问题、胃或十二指肠溃疡随访问题、甲状腺疾病随访问题、招募操作手册、修订日志、7天体力活动回忆问卷、社会支持问卷、社会人口学信息问卷、电话访谈、烟草使用问卷、平板运动试验、A型访谈者评定量表、体重史、女性健康随访问题、女性病史手册。

CARDIA各年份检查项目汇总：本研究于1986年启动，旨在探究青年成人（基线时年龄18-30岁，样本量n=5115）的心血管疾病发病进程。德克萨斯大学健康科学中心采用ABI TaqMan平台完成了基因分型工作。
本研究于1986年启动，旨在探究青年成人（基线时年龄18-30岁，样本量n=5115）的心血管疾病发病进程。德克萨斯大学健康科学中心采用ABI TaqMan平台完成了基因分型工作。
初始检查共纳入5115名受试者，按比例从四个社区分层招募，覆盖种族、性别、年龄与教育程度亚组：阿拉巴马州伯明翰、伊利诺伊州芝加哥、明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯的受试者来自全社区或特定普查区域，加利福尼亚州奥克兰的受试者则从Kaiser-Permanente健康计划会员中随机抽取。
基线（1985-1986年）共纳入5115名18-30岁的青年成人，从美国四个现场中心（伯明翰、芝加哥、明尼阿波利斯、奥克兰）招募，按年龄组、性别、种族（黑人和白人）以及教育程度（≤高中、>高中）进行均衡分配。研究共设7次检查：第0、2、5、7、10、15、20年（原计划第25年检查于2010年开展）。