Fate of nitrogen from artichoke crop residues: a lysimeter study

The fate of N from artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.)) residues is quantified with a lysimeter study of 15N-labelled residues in an artichoke-cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. cv. botrytis) rotation observed between 1998 and 2004. At the end of the three year crop rotation, 6% of N in artichoke residue was leached, 8% was exported by crops, 86% remained in the lysimeter. Summed over the rotation, 16% of artichoke N residue was absorbed by artichoke and 14% by cauliflower. Total aboveground N uptake ranged from 370-534 kg N ha-1, of which 207-311 kg N ha-1 returned to the soil as residues. Nitrate leaching was reduced by cauliflower.

本研究于1998至2004年间，针对洋蓟（Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.)）残体开展15N标记渗漏计（lysimeter）试验，量化洋蓟残体中氮素的归趋，试验设置洋蓟-花椰菜（Brassica oleracea L. cv. botrytis）轮作体系。三年轮作周期结束后，洋蓟残体中的6%氮素发生淋溶损失，8%随作物收获携出农田，剩余86%留存于渗漏计中。综合整个轮作周期，洋蓟残体中的16%氮素被洋蓟吸收利用，14%被花椰菜吸收利用。作物地上部总氮吸收量为370~534 kg N·ha⁻¹，其中207~311 kg N·ha⁻¹以残体形式返还至土壤。花椰菜种植可降低硝酸盐淋溶风险。