Table_1_Voxel-Based Morphometry Reveals a Correlation Between Bone Mineral Density Loss and Reduced Cortical Gray Matter Volume in Alzheimer’s Disease.docx

Background: Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) was associated with poorer cognitive function and increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, objective evidence for the relationship between osteoporosis and AD in humans has not been extensively described.
Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the relationships between BMD and the cortical volumes of brain regions vulnerable to AD; hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, precuneus, posterior cingulate, and angular gyrus, using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), to investigate the association between bone loss and AD.
Methods: A cohort of 149 consecutive elderly participants who complained of memory disturbance underwent high-resolution structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We used SPM12 software to conduct a voxel-based multiple regression analysis to examine the association between femoral neck BMD values and regional gray matter volume (rGMV) on structural T1-weighted MRI.
Results: After adjusting for subject age, gender, total brain volume (TBV), and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores, the multiple regression analysis showed significant correlations between BMD loss and rGMV decline in the left precuneus, which is an important neural network hub vulnerable to AD.
Conclusion: These data suggest that the bone and brain communicate with each other, as in “bone-brain crosstalk,” and that control of BMD factors could contribute to cognitive function and help prevent AD.

背景：骨密度（bone mineral density, BMD）降低与认知功能减退以及阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease, AD）发病风险升高相关。然而，目前针对人类骨质疏松症与阿尔茨海默病之间关联的客观证据尚未得到充分阐述。
研究目标：本研究旨在借助基于体素的形态测量学（voxel-based morphometry, VBM），探究骨密度与阿尔茨海默病易感脑区的皮层体积之间的关联，这些易感脑区包括海马体、海马旁回、楔前叶、后扣带回及角回，以期阐明骨量丢失与阿尔茨海默病之间的联系。
研究方法：本研究纳入149名因记忆障碍就诊的连续性老年受试者，所有受试者均接受了高分辨率脑结构磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging, MRI）与双能X线吸收测定法（dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, DXA）检测。本研究使用SPM12软件开展基于体素的多元回归分析，以探究结构性T1加权磁共振成像中股骨颈骨密度值与局部灰质体积（regional gray matter volume, rGMV）之间的关联。
研究结果：在对受试者年龄、性别、全脑体积（total brain volume, TBV）以及简易精神状态检查表（mini-mental state examination, MMSE）评分进行校正后，多元回归分析结果显示，骨密度降低与左侧楔前叶的局部灰质体积减少存在显著相关性；而左侧楔前叶是阿尔茨海默病易感的重要神经网络枢纽。
研究结论：本研究数据表明，骨骼与大脑之间存在相互交流，即所谓的“骨-脑串扰”；调控骨密度相关因素或有助于改善认知功能，并助力阿尔茨海默病的预防。