Altered Metabolomics and Inflammatory Transcriptomics in Human Bone Marrow Adipocytes After Acute High Calorie Diet and Acute Fasting

Investigated bone marrow metabolism in response to acute overnutrition (high calorie diet) and calorie deprivation (fasting). Bone marrow serum and peripheral serum were collected before and after each dietary intervention. Using proteomics analyses of the sera, we characterized nutritional influences on the local and systemic environments. In brief, proteomic analysis of the bone marrow serum after high calorie diet showed an upregulation of proteins related to an inflammatory/complement pathway, while bone marrow serum after fasting showed a significant downregulation of inflammatory/complement pathway proteins. In contrast, the peripheral serum showed signs of an increased inflammatory response that may be due to a rapid increase in body weight and fat mass seen in participants after 10 days of a high calorie diet. After fasting, peripheral serum did show a strong inflammatory response, but there was evidence of increased lipid biosynthesis. Overall, our results demonstrate key differences in inflammatory response and lipid metabolism between high calorie diet and fasting, despite a nearly identical bone marrow adipose phenotype.

本研究探究了急性营养过剩（即高热量饮食）与热量剥夺（禁食）对骨髓代谢的影响。在每次饮食干预前后，分别采集骨髓血清与外周血清样本。通过对血清开展蛋白质组学（proteomics）分析，我们系统解析了营养因素对局部与全身微环境的影响。简言之，高热量饮食干预后的骨髓血清中，与炎症/补体通路（inflammatory/complement pathway）相关的蛋白质表达显著上调；而禁食干预后的骨髓血清中，此类炎症/补体通路相关蛋白质则出现明显下调。与之形成对比的是，外周血清则呈现炎症反应增强的特征，这可能与受试者在10天高热量饮食后体重与脂肪量快速升高有关。禁食干预后，外周血清虽表现出强烈的炎症反应，但同时也存在脂质生物合成（lipid biosynthesis）增强的迹象。综上，尽管骨髓脂肪表型（bone marrow adipose phenotype）几乎无显著差异，本研究结果揭示了高热量饮食与禁食在炎症反应与脂质代谢方面的关键差异。