Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering (GSS), United States, 1972-2023

The Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering (GSS) is an annual census of all academic institutions in the United States and its territories (Guam and Puerto Rico) granting research-based master’s degrees or doctorates in science, engineering, and selected health (SEH) fields as of the fall of the survey year. Sponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) within the U.S. National Science Foundation and by the National Institutes of Health, the GSS collects counts of enrolled graduate students, postdoctoral researchers (postdocs), and doctorate-holding nonfaculty researchers (NFRs) at these institutions by field of study, demographic characteristics, and other characteristics, such as source and mechanism of financial support. Results are used to assess shifts in graduate enrollment, shifts in postdoc and NFR appointments, and trends in financial support.

科学与工程领域研究生及博士后调查（Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering，简称GSS）是一项年度普查，针对美国及其属地（关岛与波多黎各）内所有可在科学、工程及指定健康（SEH）领域授予研究型硕士或博士学位的学术机构开展，统计时点为调查年份的秋季。该调查由美国国家科学基金会下属的国家科学与工程统计中心（National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics，简称NCSES）与美国国立卫生研究院联合资助，采集上述机构中在读研究生、博士后研究人员（简称博士后）以及持有博士学位的非教职研究人员（简称NFRs）的人数数据，统计维度涵盖研究领域、人口统计学特征及经费来源与资助机制等其他特征。其调查结果可用于评估研究生招生规模变动、博士后与非教职研究人员聘任情况变化，以及经费资助的发展趋势。