Delineating Urban Areas Using Building Density

We develop a new dartboard methodology to delineate urban areas using detailed information about building location, which we implement using a map of all buildings in France. For each pixel, our approach compares actual building density after smoothing to counterfactual smoothed building density我们研发了一种全新的靶盘式区划方法（dartboard methodology），依托建筑位置的精细化信息划定城市区域，并借助法国全境建筑地图完成了该方法的实践落地。针对每一个像素，我们的方法会将平滑处理后的实际建筑密度，与反事实平滑建筑密度进行对比分析。