Supplementary Materials for "Challenges in the detection and attribution of Northern Hemisphere surface temperature trends since 1850"

<strong>Supplementary Materials for</strong>: R. Connolly, W. Soon, M. Connolly, S. Baliunas, J. Berglund, C.J. Butler, R.G. Cionco, A.G. Elias, V. Fedorov, H. Harde, G.W. Henry, D.V. Hoyt, O. Humlum, D.R. Legates, N. Scafetta, J.-E. Solheim, L. Szarka, V.M. Velasco Herrera, H. Yan and W.J. Zhang (<strong>2023</strong>). "Challenges in the detection and attribution of Northern Hemisphere surface temperature trends since 1850". <em>Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics</em>. https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-4527/acf18e <strong>Description:</strong> A dataset for the detection and attribution of Northern Hemisphere surface temperature trends since 1850. Contents of dataset Tab Description NH temperatures 5 different Northern Hemisphere (NH) annual surface temperature (ST) estimates in temperature anomalies (°C) relative to 1901-2000 averages. TSI 1850-2018 27 different Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) reconstructions. At 1 Astronomical Unit (W/m2) relative to 1901-2000 average. IPCC AR6 forcings IPCC AR6 radiative forcings (RF) time series (for the 1850-2018 period) in units of W/m2 Fitting statistics Fitting statistics and results from all fits Key results Summary statistics and results Fits - Rural-only Multi-linear regression fitting results for Rural-only ST Fits - Urban &amp; rural Multi-linear regression fitting results for Urban &amp; rural ST Fits - SST Multi-linear regression fitting results for Sea surface temperature (SST) Fits - Tree-rings Multi-linear regression fitting results for tree-ring proxy based ST Fits - Glaciers Multi-linear regression fitting results for glacier-length proxy based ST Model - Rural-only Breakdown of model components for fits to Rural-only ST Model - Urban &amp; rural Breakdown of model components for fits to urban &amp; rural ST Model - SST Breakdown of model components for fits to SST Model - Tree-rings Breakdown of model components for fits to tree-ring proxy-based ST Model - Glaciers Breakdown of model components for fits to glacier-length proxy-based ST**配套补充材料**：R. Connolly、W. Soon、M. Connolly、S. Baliunas、J. Berglund、C.J. Butler、R.G. Cionco、A.G. Elias、V. Fedorov、H. Harde、G.W. Henry、D.V. Hoyt、O. Humlum、D.R. Legates、N. Scafetta、J.-E. Solheim、L. Szarka、V.M. Velasco Herrera、H. Yan 与 W.J. Zhang（**2023**）发表于《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》的论文《1850年以来北半球地表温度趋势检测与归因》（Challenges in the detection and attribution of Northern Hemisphere surface temperature trends since 1850），DOI链接：https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-4527/acf18e。 **数据集描述**：本数据集用于开展1850年以来北半球地表温度趋势的检测与归因研究。数据集各表格内容如下： 1. **NH temperatures**：包含5组不同的北半球（Northern Hemisphere, NH）年度地表温度（surface temperature, ST）距平估计值，以相对于1901-2000年基准期平均值的摄氏度（°C）为单位。 2. **TSI 1850-2018**：包含27组不同的太阳总辐照度（Total Solar Irradiance, TSI）重建序列，以1天文单位（Astronomical Unit, AU）下、相对于1901-2000年基准期平均值的瓦每平方米（W/m²）为单位。 3. **IPCC AR6 forcings**：包含IPCC AR6（政府间气候变化专门委员会第六次评估报告）辐射强迫（radiative forcings, RF）时间序列（覆盖1850-2018年时段），单位为W/m²。 4. **Fitting statistics**：收录所有拟合实验的拟合统计量与对应结果。 5. **Key results**：汇总数据集的统计量与核心研究结果。 6. **Fits - Rural-only**：仅乡村站点地表温度的多元线性回归（multi-linear regression）拟合结果。 7. **Fits - Urban & rural**：城市与乡村站点地表温度的多元线性回归拟合结果。 8. **Fits - SST**：海表温度（Sea surface temperature, SST）的多元线性回归拟合结果。 9. **Fits - Tree-rings**：基于树轮代用指标的地表温度的多元线性回归拟合结果。 10. **Fits - Glaciers**：基于冰川长度代用指标的地表温度的多元线性回归拟合结果。 11. **Model - Rural-only**：仅乡村站点地表温度拟合实验的模型组分拆解结果。 12. **Model - Urban & rural**：城市与乡村站点地表温度拟合实验的模型组分拆解结果。 13. **Model - SST**：海表温度拟合实验的模型组分拆解结果。 14. **Model - Tree-rings**：基于树轮代用指标的地表温度拟合实验的模型组分拆解结果。 15. **Model - Glaciers**：基于冰川长度代用指标的地表温度拟合实验的模型组分拆解结果。