Fractionation of rare earth elements in silicate-sulfate magmatic-hydrothermal systems: Evidence from unique REE-Si-S-O phases

This study investigates how rare earth element (REE) mobilization and precipitation occur under hydrothermal conditions, with a focus on their interaction with silicates and sulfates. The hypothesis is that specific mineralogical and experimental conditions influence the formation and composition of REE products.
The dataset comprises four tables, provided as separate sheets in a single Excel file. Each table represents key experimental data and findings:
Table S1: Detailed experimental setup and results for synthetic fluid inclusion experiments. Includes temperature, pressure, starting material compositions, and observed inclusions formed under controlled conditions.
Table S2: Experimental details and results of hydrothermal reactions between silicates and REE sulfates. Lists reaction conditions (temperature, pressure, duration), silicates, REE sulfate types, and resulting mineralogical changes.
Table S3: Average EPMA (Electron Probe Micro-Analysis) compositions of REE-bearing products in quartz (Q), K-feldspar (K), and diopside (D)-bearing hydrothermal experiments. Provides elemental compositions, calculated proportions of REE phases, and insights into preferential REE incorporation.
Table S4: Raman spectroscopy peaks of representative REE products in quartz (Q)-, K-feldspar (K)-, and diopside (D)-bearing hydrothermal experiments, aiding in phase identification and structural analysis.

本研究探讨了热液条件下稀土元素（Rare Earth Element，REE）的迁移与沉淀过程，重点关注其与硅酸盐及硫酸盐的相互作用。本研究提出假说：特定的矿物学与实验条件会影响稀土元素产物的形成与组成。
本数据集包含四张表格，以独立工作表的形式存储于单个Excel文件中，每张表格均收录关键实验数据与研究发现：
表S1：合成流体包裹体实验的详细实验方案与结果，涵盖温度、压力、起始原料组成，以及受控条件下形成的观测包裹体信息。
表S2：硅酸盐与稀土元素硫酸盐之间热液反应的实验细节与结果，列明了反应条件（温度、压力、反应时长）、所用硅酸盐种类、稀土元素硫酸盐类型，以及观测到的矿物学变化。
表S3：石英（Q）、钾长石（K）及透辉石（D）体系热液实验中含稀土元素产物的电子探针显微分析（Electron Probe Micro-Analysis，EPMA）平均组成，提供了元素组成数据、稀土元素物相的计算占比，以及关于稀土元素优先赋存规律的分析结果。
表S4：石英（Q）、钾长石（K）及透辉石（D）体系热液实验中典型稀土元素产物的拉曼光谱峰位信息，可辅助开展物相鉴定与结构分析。