The Relationship Between Neuroprotective Activity and Antigenotoxic and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Effects of Glaucium corniculatum Extracts

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory and antigenotoxic effect with the neuroprotective activity of Glaucium corniculatum methanol and water extracts rich in rutin and quercetin flavonoids. Neuroprotective activity in terms of cell survival and development against oxidative damage was measured by MTT assay and microscopic analysis in H2O2-induced NGF-differentiated PC12 (dPC12) cells. QRT-PCR and western blot hybridization method was employed for the determination of AChE inhibition of the extracts in the same cell model, and the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects were identified with Comet assay with human lymphocytes. H2O2-induced vitality loss in dPC12 cells was inhibited in pre-treated cells with these plant extracts. Moreover, extracts stimulated neurite formation and prevented the oxidative stress-induced reduction in neurite growth. In general, it was determined that G. corniculatum methanol extract containing higher amounts of rutin and quercetin was more effective than water extract in terms of AChE inhibitory, antigenotoxic and also neuroprotective effect. In this study, it was shown for the first time that both AChE inhibitory and antigenotoxic effects of G. corniculatum may be effective in neuroprotection and it’s protective and therapeutic effects against neurodegeneration may be related to the flavonoid content.

摘要 本研究旨在探讨富含芦丁与槲皮素类黄酮的角茴香（Glaucium corniculatum）甲醇提取物与水提取物的乙酰胆碱酯酶（acetylcholinesterase, AChE）抑制活性、抗遗传毒性效应与其神经保护活性之间的关联。本研究以H₂O₂诱导的经神经生长因子（nerve growth factor, NGF）分化的PC12细胞（dPC12细胞）为模型，通过MTT比色法与显微镜分析，评估提取物在氧化损伤条件下对细胞存活与发育的神经保护活性；采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（QRT-PCR）与蛋白质印迹杂交法，在同一细胞模型中检测提取物的AChE抑制活性；并通过人淋巴细胞彗星试验鉴定提取物的遗传毒性与抗遗传毒性效应。实验结果表明，经上述植物提取物预处理的dPC12细胞可抑制H₂O₂诱导的细胞活力下降；此外，提取物可促进神经突起形成，并阻断氧化应激介导的神经突起生长受限。综上，相较于水提取物，富含更多芦丁与槲皮素的角茴香甲醇提取物在AChE抑制、抗遗传毒性及神经保护活性方面均表现更优。本研究首次证实，角茴香的AChE抑制活性与抗遗传毒性效应均可发挥神经保护作用，其针对神经退行性病变的保护与治疗效应可能与其类黄酮成分含量相关。