Data In Brief of research on the National School Feeding Program (PNAE) and its application as public policy to combat malnutrition and food and nutritional security

Backgound: Within the scope of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG 2 - Zero Hunger, school feeding in Brazil is crucial to ensuring food security and combating malnutrition among children and adolescents. The National School Food Program (PNAE) focuses on issues of food insecurity, linking adequate nutrition to better learning. Prioritizes natural and family-farming foods on menus, promoting a balanced diet free of ultra-processed products. The DataSets: This dataset is open and public. They were obtained from government and local authority sources, with free access. They are part of the PNAE analyses, to consider public policy actions to combat malnutrition. They complement the literary and documentary survey carried out using the theoretical exploratory method, collecting information via ad hoc in databases indexed as repositories and gray literature from governmental and non-governmental sources. The analyzes are qualitative and quantitative to identify essential elements that guide interdisciplinary practices for access by students in primary and elementary schools, have adequate nutrition and promote education related to healthy diets and eating habits.

Keywords: Public policy; School Meals; Food Safety; SDG 2; Family farming.

Data value
The relevance of the data lies in the need for information that contributes to the formulation of effective public policies to reduce social disparities. And the promotion of equity through the fair allocation of resources, with a view to eliminating malnutrition and malnutrition in school-age children and adolescents. And, the fundamental fight against NCDs that affect children and young people in vulnerable situations.

Purpose

The purposes of the data are: i. enable analysis information from the National School Feeding Program (PNAE), as a public policy tool to combat malnutrition; ii. Enable the formulation of strategies to combat malnutrition through school feeding and nutrition education programs; iii. Enable correlational analyzes between political actions and school feeding regarding their effectiveness in combating malnutrition.

Ethical statements

The work did not involve experiments with humans or animals.
It only involved data collected from repository platforms, municipalities and government bodies. All open access and public in nature. The anonymization of any personal and sensitive data was ensured, so that the data redistribution policies of the platform(s) were complied with.

背景：在可持续发展目标（Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs）框架下，尤其是可持续发展目标2（SDG 2，零饥饿）范畴内，巴西的学校供餐工作对保障儿童与青少年的粮食安全、对抗营养不良至关重要。全国学校供餐计划（National School Food Program, PNAE）聚焦粮食不安全问题，将充足营养摄入与良好学习表现相结合，菜单优先选用天然食材及家庭农场出产的农产品，推广不含超加工食品的均衡膳食模式。

数据集说明：本数据集为公开开放数据集，数据来源于政府及地方主管部门渠道，可免费获取。本数据集属于PNAE分析范畴，用于支撑对抗营养不良的公共政策制定工作。本数据集补充了通过理论探索法开展的文献与档案调研成果，通过特设方式从政府及非政府机构的索引存储库数据库与灰色文献中采集信息。分析采用定性与定量结合的方法，旨在识别指导中小学学生获取充足营养、开展健康膳食与饮食习惯相关教育的跨学科实践核心要素。

关键词：公共政策；学校供餐；食品安全；SDG 2；家庭农业。

数据价值：本数据集的价值在于其所提供的信息可助力制定有效公共政策以缩小社会差距，通过公平分配资源促进社会公平，以期消除学龄儿童与青少年的营养不良问题，并从根本上对抗影响弱势儿童与青少年的非传染性疾病（Non-communicable Diseases, NCDs）。

数据集用途：本数据集的应用目标如下：
i. 支持针对作为对抗营养不良公共政策工具的全国学校供餐计划（PNAE）的分析工作；
ii. 支持制定通过学校供餐与营养教育计划对抗营养不良的相关策略；
iii. 支持开展政策举措与学校供餐项目间的相关性分析，以评估其对抗营养不良的实际成效。

伦理声明：本研究未涉及人类或动物实验。仅使用从存储库平台、市政部门及政府机构采集的公开数据，所有数据均为开放获取的公共数据。已对所有个人及敏感数据进行匿名化处理，严格遵守相关平台的数据再分配政策。