Direct Solid Sample Analysis of Medicinal Herbs for Determination of Ba, Cu, Ni, V and Zn by EDXRF

In this work, an analytical method for determination of Ba, Cu, Ni, V, and Zn, in medicinal herbs, through direct solid sample analysis by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF), was applied. Accuracy and precision (intra and inter day) of the analytical method were confirmed through analysis of certified reference material, tomato leaves (CRM NIST 1573a). Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) allowed to observe the formation of two groups. Group I was composed by highest levels of Cu and Zn, and the group II with highest concentrations of Ba, V, and Zn. Group I also was subdivided into two subgroups. The concentration of Ni in some samples exceeded the maximum allowed limit. In all samples, Cu and Zn concentration were below the maximum limit allowed by Brazilian legislation. However, for Ba and V, the evaluation was not possible, because there are no maximum limits in legislation.

本研究采用能量色散X射线荧光光谱法（Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, EDXRF）直接固体进样分析，建立了中药材中钡（Ba）、铜（Cu）、镍（Ni）、钒（V）及锌（Zn）的检测分析方法。通过对番茄叶有证标准物质（CRM NIST 1573a）的分析，验证了该分析方法的准确度与精密度（日内及日间精密度）。通过主成分分析（Principal Component Analysis, PCA）与分层聚类分析（Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, HCA），可观察到样品被划分为两个组别：第一组的铜（Cu）与锌（Zn）含量最高，第二组则以钡（Ba）、钒（V）及锌（Zn）的浓度为最高。第一组还可进一步划分为两个亚组。部分样品中的镍（Ni）浓度超出了最大允许限量；所有样品中的铜（Cu）与锌（Zn）浓度均低于巴西法规规定的最大允许限量。然而，针对钡（Ba）与钒（V），由于现行法规尚未设定其最大允许限量，故无法开展合规性评估。