Embargoes From Past Avian Flu Outbreaks Reduced Demand for U.S. Chicken Meat

On February 9, 2022, the USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) confirmed highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in a commercial turkey flock in Indiana. HPAI spreads rapidly, is transmittable across different species of birds, and is often lethal to infected birds. Since 2000, outbreaks of HPAI in the United States occurred in 2004 and again in 2014–15. More animals were lost in the 2014–15 outbreak than in any other infectious animal disease event in U.S. history. These events affected poultry commerce on a global scale, decimating international demand for U.S. poultry products and reducing incomes of affected U.S. producers as well as producers whose flocks did not contract HPAI. Government efforts to mitigate the disease were effective but costly.

2022年2月9日，美国农业部（United States Department of Agriculture, USDA）下属动植物卫生检验局（Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, APHIS）证实，美国印第安纳州一处商业火鸡禽群暴发高致病性禽流感（highly pathogenic avian influenza, HPAI）。该疫病传播速度极快，可跨鸟类物种传播，且通常会导致染病鸟类死亡。自2000年以来，美国境内的高致病性禽流感暴发事件分别发生于2004年及2014—2015年。2014—2015年的疫情中，病死动物数量远超美国历史上任何其他动物传染病事件。这些疫情在全球范围内冲击了家禽贸易，大幅削弱了国际市场对美国家禽产品的需求，不仅使受疫情波及的美国养殖户收入下滑，就连其禽群未感染高致病性禽流感的养殖户也遭受了收入损失。美国政府为防控该疫病所采取的措施虽收效显著，但成本高昂。