Data Sheet 2_Global burden and risk factors of chronic kidney disease due to hypertension in adults aged 20 plus years, 1990–2021.docx

BackgroundThe incidence of hypertension-related chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing globally annually, and delayed intervention may lead to more complications and an increased disease burden. No study has analyzed the most recent disease burden data for hypertension-associated CKD from 1990 to 2021.
MethodsIn this study, by investigating trends in hypertension-related CKD age-standardized incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates, and risk factors for death and DALYs among populations aged 20 years and over between 1990 and 2021, the burden of hypertension-induced CKD was estimated globally, regionally, and nationally based on data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 from 204 countries and areas.
ResultsIn 2021, there were 1.27 million individuals with hypertension-induced CKD among the population aged 20 years and older globally. Between 1990 and 2021, the number of incident cases globally increased by 63.87%, the number of deaths increased by 67.37%, the corresponding age-standardized incidence rate increased from 15.025 to 24.334 per 100,000 population, and the age-standardized death rate increased from 4.811 to 8.628 per 100,000 population. The age-standardized death and DALY rates remained stable in the low sociodemographic index (SDI) regions, and most of the medium- and high-SDI regions experienced an increasing trend between 1990 and 2021. Among the 204 countries, Seychelles had the highest age-standardized death and DALY rates. Kidney dysfunction, high fasting plasma glucose levels, dietary risks, high body mass index, and high systolic blood pressure are key risk factors for mortality and DALYs in 2021.
ConclusionThe global burden of hypertension-induced CKD has risen rapidly for the last 32 years and will continue to increase in the future.

研究背景
全球范围内，高血压相关性慢性肾脏病（chronic kidney disease, CKD）的发病率逐年上升，延误干预可引发更多并发症并加重疾病负担。目前尚无研究针对1990至2021年高血压相关性CKD的最新疾病负担数据开展分析。

研究方法
本研究基于204个国家和地区的2021年全球疾病负担（Global Burden of Disease 2021）数据，针对1990至2021年20岁及以上人群的高血压相关性CKD年龄标化发病率、死亡率与伤残调整生命年（disability-adjusted life year, DALY）率变化趋势，以及死亡和DALY的危险因素展开分析，以此估算全球、区域及国家层面的高血压诱发性CKD疾病负担。

研究结果
2021年，全球20岁及以上人群中共有127万例高血压诱发性CKD患者。1990至2021年间，全球新增病例数增长63.87%，死亡病例数增长67.37%；对应的年龄标化发病率从每10万人15.025升至24.334，年龄标化死亡率从每10万人4.811升至8.628。1990至2021年，低社会人口指数（sociodemographic index, SDI）地区的年龄标化死亡率与DALY率保持稳定，多数中、高SDI地区则呈上升趋势。在204个国家中，塞舌尔的年龄标化死亡率与DALY率最高。2021年，肾功能不全、空腹血糖升高、膳食风险因素、高体质量指数以及高收缩压是导致死亡和DALY升高的关键危险因素。

研究结论
近32年来，全球高血压诱发性CKD疾病负担快速上升，且未来仍将持续增长。