iCite Database Snapshot 2025-11

This is a database snapshot of the iCite web service (provided here as a single zipped CSV file, or compressed, tarred JSON files). In addition, citation links in the NIH Open Citation Collection are provided as a two-column CSV table in open_citation_collection.zip. iCite provides bibliometrics and metadata on publications indexed in PubMed, organized into three modules:<br>Influence: Delivers metrics of scientific influence, field-adjusted and benchmarked to NIH publications as the baseline.<br>Translation: Measures how Human, Animal, or Molecular/Cellular Biology-oriented each paper is; tracks and predicts citation by clinical articles<br>Open Cites: Disseminates link-level, public-domain citation data from the NIH Open Citation Collection<br>Definitions for individual data fields:<br>pmid: PubMed Identifier, an article ID as assigned in PubMed by the National Library of Medicine<br>doi: Digital Object Identifier, if available<br>year: Year the article was published<br>title: Title of the article<br>authors: List of author names<br>journal: Journal name (ISO abbreviation)<br>is_research_article: Flag indicating whether the Publication Type tags for this article are consistent with that of a primary research article<br>relative_citation_ratio: Relative Citation Ratio (RCR)--OPA's metric of scientific influence. Field-adjusted, time-adjusted and benchmarked against NIH-funded papers. The median RCR for NIH funded papers in any field is 1.0. An RCR of 2.0 means a paper is receiving twice as many citations per year than the median NIH funded paper in its field and year, while an RCR of 0.5 means that it is receiving half as many citations per year. Calculation details are documented in Hutchins et al., PLoS Biol. 2016;14(9):e1002541.<br>provisional: RCRs for papers published in the previous two years are flagged as "provisional", to reflect that citation metrics for newer articles are not necessarily as stable as they are for older articles. Provisional RCRs are provided for papers published previous year, if they have received with 5 citations or more, despite being, in many cases, less than a year old. All papers published the year before the previous year receive provisional RCRs. The current year is considered to be the NIH Fiscal Year which starts in October. For example, in July 2019 (NIH Fiscal Year 2019), papers from 2018 receive provisional RCRs if they have 5 citations or more, and all papers from 2017 receive provisional RCRs. In October 2019, at the start of NIH Fiscal Year 2020, papers from 2019 receive provisional RCRs if they have 5 citations or more and all papers from 2018 receive provisional RCRs.<br>citation_count: Number of unique articles that have cited this one<br>citations_per_year: Citations per year that this article has received since its publication. If this appeared as a preprint and a published article, the year from the published version is used as the primary publication date. This is the numerator for the Relative Citation Ratio.<br>field_citation_rate: Measure of the intrinsic citation rate of this paper's field, estimated using its co-citation network.<br>expected_citations_per_year: Citations per year that NIH-funded articles, with the same Field Citation Rate and published in the same year as this paper, receive. This is the denominator for the Relative Citation Ratio.<br>nih_percentile: Percentile rank of this paper's RCR compared to all NIH publications. For example, 95% indicates that this paper's RCR is higher than 95% of all NIH funded publications.<br>human: Fraction of MeSH terms that are in the Human category (out of this article's MeSH terms that fall into the Human, Animal, or Molecular/Cellular Biology categories)<br>animal: Fraction of MeSH terms that are in the Animal category (out of this article's MeSH terms that fall into the Human, Animal, or Molecular/Cellular Biology categories)<br>molecular_cellular: Fraction of MeSH terms that are in the Molecular/Cellular Biology category (out of this article's MeSH terms that fall into the Human, Animal, or Molecular/Cellular Biology categories)<br>x_coord: X coordinate of the article on the Triangle of Biomedicine<br>y_coord: Y Coordinate of the article on the Triangle of Biomedicine<br>is_clinical: Flag indicating that this paper meets the definition of a clinical article.<br>cited_by_clin: PMIDs of clinical articles that this article has been cited by.<br>apt: Approximate Potential to Translate is a machine learning-based estimate of the likelihood that this publication will be cited in later clinical trials or guidelines. Calculation details are documented in Hutchins et al., PLoS Biol. 2019;17(10):e3000416.<br>cited_by: PMIDs of articles that have cited this one.<br>references: PMIDs of articles in this article's reference list.<br>Large CSV files are zipped using zip version 4.5, which is more recent than the default unzip command line utility in some common Linux distributions. These files can be unzipped with tools that support version 4.5 or later such as 7zip.<br>Comments and questions can be addressed to [e-mail]

本数据集为iCite网络服务的数据库快照，以单个压缩CSV文件或压缩打包的JSON文件形式提供。此外，NIH开放引用集合中的引用链接以两列CSV表格的形式存储于open_citation_collection.zip中。

iCite可为PubMed收录的出版物提供文献计量学指标与元数据，共分为三大模块：
1. 影响力模块：提供经领域校正、以NIH出版物为基准基线的科学影响力指标。
2. 转化模块：衡量每篇论文偏向人类、动物还是分子/细胞生物学的方向；追踪并预测临床文章对其的引用情况。
3. 开放引用模块：发布来自NIH开放引用集合的链接级公共领域引用数据。

各数据字段定义如下：
pmid：PubMed标识符（PubMed Identifier），即美国国家医学图书馆在PubMed中分配的文章ID。
doi：数字对象标识符（Digital Object Identifier），若可用则提供。
year：文章发表年份。
title：文章标题。
authors：作者姓名列表。
journal：期刊名称（采用ISO缩写格式）。
is_research_article：标记字段，用于指示本文的出版物类型标签是否符合原创研究文章的定义。
relative_citation_ratio：相对引用比率（Relative Citation Ratio, RCR）——美国国立卫生研究院办公室（OPA）的科学影响力指标。该指标经领域与时间校正，并以NIH资助论文为基准。任意领域内NIH资助论文的RCR中位数为1.0：RCR为2.0意味着该论文每年获得的引用量是其领域及发表年份内NIH资助论文中位数的2倍，而RCR为0.5则表示其每年获得的引用量仅为该中位数的一半。其计算细节详见Hutchins等人发表于PLoS Biol. 2016;14(9):e1002541的研究。
provisional：近两年发表的论文的RCR会被标记为“暂定”，以反映较新论文的引用指标不如旧论文稳定。对于前一年发表且已获得至少5次引用的论文，即便其发表时长往往不足一年，也会提供暂定RCR。所有在前前一年发表的论文均会被赋予暂定RCR。当前年度以美国国立卫生研究院财年为准，该财年始于每年10月。例如，在2019年7月（NIH 2019财年），2018年发表且引用量≥5次的论文将被赋予暂定RCR，而所有2017年发表的论文均会获得暂定RCR。2019年10月，即NIH 2020财年启动时，2019年发表且引用量≥5次的论文将被赋予暂定RCR，且所有2018年发表的论文均会获得暂定RCR。
citation_count：引用本文的唯一文章数量。
citations_per_year：本文自发表以来每年获得的平均引用量。若本文以预印本及正式发表版本两种形式出现，则以正式发表版本的年份作为主要发表日期。该指标为相对引用比率的分子。
field_citation_rate：本文所属领域的固有引用率指标，通过其共引网络估算得出。
expected_citations_per_year：与本文具有相同领域引用率且发表年份相同的NIH资助论文每年获得的平均引用量。该指标为相对引用比率的分母。
nih_percentile：本文的RCR在所有NIH资助出版物中的百分位排名。例如，95%表示该论文的RCR高于95%的NIH资助出版物。
human：属于人类类别的医学主题词（MeSH terms）占本文落入人类、动物或分子/细胞生物学类别的医学主题词总数的比例。
animal：属于动物类别的医学主题词占本文落入人类、动物或分子/细胞生物学类别的医学主题词总数的比例。
molecular_cellular：属于分子/细胞生物学类别的医学主题词占本文落入人类、动物或分子/细胞生物学类别的医学主题词总数的比例。
x_coord：文章在生物医学三角（Triangle of Biomedicine）中的X坐标。
y_coord：文章在生物医学三角中的Y坐标。
is_clinical：标记字段，用于指示本文符合临床文章的定义。
cited_by_clin：引用本文的临床文章的PubMed标识符列表。
apt：近似转化潜力（Approximate Potential to Translate, APT）是基于机器学习的估算值，用于预测本文在后续临床试验或指南中被引用的可能性。其计算细节详见Hutchins等人发表于PLoS Biol. 2019;17(10):e3000416的研究。
cited_by：引用本文的文章的PubMed标识符列表。
references：本文参考文献列表中收录的文章的PubMed标识符列表。

大型CSV文件采用zip 4.5版本进行压缩，该版本较部分常见Linux发行版默认的unzip命令行工具更新。此类文件可使用支持zip 4.5及更高版本的工具（如7zip）进行解压。

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