Follow-up indicators.

This study investigated the effects of an 8-week concurrent strength-endurance training program on the performance of elite female triathletes in China. Twelve female national team members (age 18.41 ± 1.44 years) completed a phased concurrent training program, which included strength (three times per week) and endurance (three times per week) modules. TRIMP was used to monitor training load. The test indicators included 1RM strength, vertical jump (CMJ/SJ), swimming/running performance, and short- and medium-distance triathlon simulation races. The results showed that 1RM squat (+4.23% ± 2.99%, P < 0.001), relative squat strength (+3.96% ± 3.0%, P < 0.001), static jump (SJ, + 3.65% ± 1.42%, P < 0.001), 400-meter swimming (−0.85% ± 0.25%, P < 0.001), 2000-meter running (−0.47% ± 0.48%, P < 0.01), and short-distance triathlon performance (−3.63% ± 0.11%, P < 0.001) significantly improved. Maximum output power increased by 5.52 ± 3.06 W (P < 0.001), but VO2max and medium-distance triathlon performance remained unchanged. Concurrent training effectively enhanced the lower limb explosive power and short-distance performance of elite female triathletes through neuromuscular adaptations, and the intervention effects were sustainable, supporting its integration into periodized training programs.

本研究探讨了为期8周的力量-耐力联合训练计划（concurrent strength-endurance training program）对中国优秀女子铁人三项运动员竞技表现的影响。招募12名国家队女子运动员（年龄18.41±1.44岁）参与本研究，受试者完成分阶段实施的联合训练计划，该计划包含力量训练模块（每周3次）与耐力训练模块（每周3次）。训练负荷监测采用训练冲量 (TRIMP)。本次测试指标包括1RM力量、垂直跳跃测试 (CMJ/SJ)、游泳与跑步项目成绩，以及短距离、中距离铁人三项模拟赛事表现。研究结果显示，深蹲1RM（+4.23%±2.99%，P<0.001）、相对深蹲力量（+3.96%±3.0%，P<0.001）、静立跳跃 (SJ，+3.65%±1.42%，P<0.001)、400米游泳成绩（-0.85%±0.25%，P<0.001）、2000米跑步成绩（-0.47%±0.48%，P<0.01）以及短距离铁人三项赛事表现（-3.63%±0.11%，P<0.001）均得到显著提升。最大输出功率提升了5.52±3.06 W（P<0.001），但最大摄氧量 (VO2max)与中距离铁人三项赛事表现无显著变化。联合训练可通过神经肌肉适应机制，有效提升优秀女子铁人三项运动员的下肢爆发力与短距离项目竞技表现，且干预效果具有可持续性，支持将该训练方案整合进周期性训练计划中。