Unidentified portrait, the so-called Marius

This is a bust of Gaius Marius (157 BC – January 13, 86 BC) who was a Roman general and statesman. He held the office of consul an unprecedented seven times during his career. He was also noted for his important reforms of Roman armies, authorizing recruitment of landless citizens, eliminating the manipular military formations, and reorganizing the structure of the legions into separate cohorts. Marius defeated the invading Germanic tribes (the Teutones, Ambrones, and the Cimbri), for which he was called the third founder of Rome.[1] His life and career were significant in Rome's transformation from Republic to Empire. This an Augustan copy (23 BC - AD 14) of an original of the mid-2nd century BC. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaius_Marius本藏品为盖乌斯·马略（Gaius Marius，公元前157年—公元前86年1月13日）的胸像，其为罗马将军与政治家。其职业生涯中曾七次担任执政官，这在罗马历史上前所未有。他还因对罗马军队的重要改革而闻名：授权无地公民入伍，废除了玛尼普尔（manipular）军事编制，并将军团的组织结构重组为独立的大队（cohorts）。马略曾击败入侵的日耳曼部落（条顿人、阿姆布隆人及辛布里人），因此被称为“罗马第三缔造者”[1]。其生平与职业生涯对罗马从共和国向帝国的转型具有关键意义。该胸像是公元前2世纪中叶原作的奥古斯都时期复制品（公元前23年—公元14年）。https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaius_Marius