Surveys of Officer and Enlisted Personnel and Military Spouses, 1985

The two surveys that constitute this study -- the 1985 Survey of Officer and Enlisted Personnel (1985 Member Survey) and the 1985 Survey of Military Spouses (1985 Spouse Survey) -- were conducted in order to study various issues relating to military personnel. Areas of investigation included (1) the response of personnel to changes in military compensation and benefits enacted in previous years, (2) factors affecting readiness and retention of active duty personnel, (3) projected behavior of military personnel in response to possible changes in personnel management, (4) differences in career orientations, attitudes, and experiences among members of different subgroups, e.g., minorities, men, and women, (5) the demographic, household, familial, and other characteristics of military personnel, couples, and families, including special groups such as dual-career couples and single-parent families, (6) the impact of military policies on aspects of military and family life such as residential arrangements, continuing education, and spouse employment, (7) family well-being, including economic issues facing military families, and (8) demand for, use, and perceived adequacy of programs providing family services. Data collected by the Member Survey include branch of service, pay grade, military occupation, length of stay at current location, problems encountered at current location and in moving to the location, expected pay grade upon leaving the military, probable behavior under different personnel management options, civilian work experience and earnings, and the degree of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with various aspects of military life such as pay and allowances, personal freedom, acquaintances and friendships, work group and co-workers, assignment stability, environment for families, frequency of moves, retirement benefits, promotion opportunities, job training and in-service education, job security, medical care, and dental care. The Spouse Survey covered some of the subjects included in the Member Survey, but with differing levels of detail and emphasis. Attitudes gauged by the Spouse Survey include satisfaction/dissatisfaction with military housing, rights of civilian spouses, levels of demands made on civilian spouses, availability of job opportunities for civilian spouses, and childcare centers at military bases. Additional information gathered by the surveys includes sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, income and debt, marital status, educational attainment, number and ages of dependents, whether or not dependents were handicapped, and main language spoken at home. Data for the Member Survey and the Spouse Survey are supplied in separate files. A Couple File, comprising husband/wife pairs, contains merged data from both surveys.

本研究包含两项调研——1985年军官与士兵人员调研（1985成员调研）与1985年军人家属调研（1985配偶调研），两项调研旨在探究与军事人员相关的各类议题。调研覆盖范畴包括：(1) 军事人员对过往年度出台的军事薪酬与福利调整政策的响应情况；(2) 影响现役（active duty）人员战备状态与人员留存率的因素；(3) 军事人员针对可能的人员管理变革的预期行为；(4) 不同亚群体（如少数族裔、男性、女性）在职业取向、态度与经历上的差异；(5) 军事人员、夫妻与家庭的人口统计学、家庭、家族及其他特征，涵盖双职业夫妻、单亲家庭等特殊群体；(6) 军事政策对军事与家庭生活多方面的影响，例如居住安排、继续教育以及配偶就业情况；(7) 家庭福祉，包括军事家庭面临的经济问题；(8) 家庭服务项目的需求、使用情况及感知充足度。成员调研采集的数据包括军种（branch of service）、薪级（pay grade）、军事职业（military occupation）、当前驻地服役时长、当前驻地及搬迁至该驻地时遇到的问题、退役后的预期薪级、不同人员管理方案下的可能行为、平民工作经历与收入，以及对军事生活各方面的满意/不满程度，具体涵盖薪酬与津贴、个人自由、人际往来与友谊、工作团队与同事、部署稳定性、家庭环境、搬迁频次、退休福利（retirement benefits）、晋升机会、岗位培训与在职教育、工作保障、医疗护理与牙科护理。配偶调研覆盖了部分成员调研涉及的主题，但细节与侧重程度有所不同。配偶调研评估的态度包括对军事住房的满意/不满程度、文职配偶的权益、对文职配偶的要求水平、文职配偶就业机会的可获得性，以及军事基地内的托儿中心情况。两项调研还额外收集了以下信息：性别、年龄、种族、西班牙裔血统、收入与负债情况、婚姻状况、受教育程度、受抚养人的数量与年龄、受抚养人是否存在残疾，以及家庭主要使用语言。成员调研与配偶调研的数据分别存储于独立文件中。另有夫妻配对文件（Couple File），整合了两项调研的合并数据。