Studies identified for full text review.

BackgroundStakeholder engagement is widely considered democratic, transparent, and essential in the shared decision-making process for improving health services. However, the integrated evidence of stakeholders’ engagement activities in maternal and newborn health (MNH) services in the context of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is lacking. Therefore, this review aims to generate synthesised evidence of different practices for stakeholder engagements, characteristics of stakeholder engagements and outcomes of stakeholder engagements in improving the MNH services uptake and delivery.MethodsThe systematic review reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. The literature was searched in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Science Direct and Scopus databases. The identified records were screened using Covidence software, and data were extracted from included records using a predefined template. The mixed methods appraisal tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. The spectrum of stakeholder engagement provided by the International Association for Public Participation (IAP2) was used as a guiding framework for synthesising the evidence related to stakeholder engagement.ResultsA total of 1473 records were identified through the initial search after removing the duplicates. Twenty-six studies were included in the final review. The review results related to service users and other stakeholders’ engagement are presented under three overarching themes: (i) Methods and contexts of stakeholders’ engagement, (ii) Outcomes of stakeholders’ engagement, and (iii) Facilitators and barriers to stakeholders’ engagement.ConclusionVarious participatory approaches were utilised to engage the service users and other stakeholders in improving MNH service uptake and delivery. A wide range of service user- and provider-led outcomes were identified due to stakeholder engagement.Trial registrationPROSPERO registration number:CRD42022314613.

背景
利益相关方参与（Stakeholder engagement）被广泛认为具备民主性、透明性，且是优化卫生服务共享决策流程的必要环节。然而，针对低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）情境下孕产妇和新生儿健康（MNH）服务中利益相关方参与活动的整合性证据仍较为匮乏。因此，本系统综述旨在生成相关整合证据，涵盖用于改善MNH服务可及性与供给的各类利益相关方参与实践模式、利益相关方参与的特征，以及利益相关方参与的成效。

方法
本系统综述的报告严格遵循《系统评价与Meta分析优先报告条目》（PRISMA）清单规范。文献检索覆盖PubMed、CINAHL、PsycINFO、Science Direct及Scopus数据库。采用科维登斯（Covidence）软件对检索到的文献记录进行筛查，并通过预设的数据提取模板从纳入文献中提取研究数据。使用混合方法评价工具对纳入研究的质量进行评估。采用国际公众参与协会（IAP2）提出的利益相关方参与谱系作为证据合成的指导框架，以整合与利益相关方参与相关的研究证据。

结果
初始检索去重后共识别出1473条文献记录，最终纳入26项研究。本综述围绕服务使用者及其他利益相关方的参与，设置了三大核心主题呈现研究结果：（i）利益相关方参与的方法与情境；（ii）利益相关方参与的成效；（iii）利益相关方参与的促进因素与阻碍因素。

结论
本综述纳入的研究采用了多种参与式方法，以动员服务使用者及其他利益相关方参与改善MNH服务的可及性与供给。研究结果显示，利益相关方参与可催生多类由服务使用者及服务提供者主导的干预成效。

试验注册
PROSPERO注册编号：CRD42022314613