Longitudinal_Nasopharyngeal_Microbiome_Dynamics_in_Infants_from_the_Maela_ARI_Birth_Cohort

Using a non-selective metagenomic sequencing-based approach on archived nasopharyngeal swab specimens, determine: 1) Interactions between nasopharyngeal colonising bacteria in children over the first two years of life, in the pre-Hib/PCV13 immunisation era; 2) Qualitative and quantitative changes in the nasopharyngeal microbiome leading up to pneumonia; 3) Impact of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection and antimicrobial treatment on the nasopharyngeal microbiome/resistome. The first step of this work is a 64 swab pilot study to generate preliminary data to determine technical characteristics of the definitive study.本研究采用非选择性宏基因组测序（non-selective metagenomic sequencing）方法，对存档鼻咽拭子标本开展分析，旨在明确三项核心研究内容：1) 预B型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗（Haemophilus influenzae type b, Hib）/13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, PCV13）免疫时代下，儿童出生后前两年内鼻咽部定植菌群之间的相互作用；2) 肺炎发生前鼻咽微生物组（nasopharyngeal microbiome）的定性与定量变化特征；3) 流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒感染及抗菌药物治疗对鼻咽微生物组与耐药组（resistome）的影响。本研究的第一步为一项纳入64份拭子的预试验，通过生成初步数据以明确后续正式研究的技术特征。