Passiflora cristalina and Passiflora miniata: meiotic characterization of two wild species for use in breeding

Abstract Passiflora cristalina and Passiflora miniata are two new wild species found in the southern Amazon region. This study aimed to analyze the meiotic behavior of the two species, by meiotic analysis, meiotic index and pollen grain viability, using routine methodologies of the laboratory. By the meiotic analysis, the two species were diploid with 18 chromosomes, and nine bivalents were observed in diakinesis. Laggard chromosomes and fiber spindle problems were the abnormalities observed in both species. The recombination indices were 21.6 and 18.8 for P. cristalina and P. miniata, respectively. The most common abnormal post-meiotic products were triads. The meiotic index and the pollen grain viability for P. cristalina were 90.6% and 98.9%, respectively, and 91.6% and 82.2% for P. miniata, respectively. Based on the results, both species are fertile. Thus, gene transference to sour passion fruit by interspecific hybridization is possible in breeding programs.

摘要：西番莲属（Passiflora）的水晶西番莲（Passiflora cristalina）与朱红西番莲（Passiflora miniata）是亚马孙南部地区发现的两个全新野生物种。本研究采用实验室常规方法开展减数分裂分析、减数分裂指数测定及花粉粒活力检测，以剖析这两个物种的减数分裂行为。经减数分裂分析发现，两个物种均为二倍体，染色体数目为18条，终变期可观察到9个二价体；二者均存在滞后染色体与纺锤丝异常两类分裂异常现象。水晶西番莲与朱红西番莲的重组指数分别为21.6和18.8，减数分裂后最常见的异常产物为三分体。水晶西番莲的减数分裂指数与花粉粒活力分别为90.6%和98.9%，朱红西番莲则分别为91.6%和82.2%。基于上述结果，两个物种均具备可育性，因此在育种项目中，通过种间杂交将优良基因转移至酸西番莲中具备可行性。