scRNA-seq of stromal vascular cells from 48 week (aged) mouse subcutaneous adipose tissue compared to control 10 week (young) mouse SVF. scRNA-seq of stromal vascular cells from 48 week (aged) mouse subcutaneous adipose tissue compared to control 10 week (young) mouse SVF

Adipose tissue mass and adiposity change throughout the lifespan. During aging, while visceral adipose tissue (VAT) tends to increase, peripheral subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) decreases significantly. Unlike VAT, which is linked to metabolic diseases, SAT has beneficial effects. However, the molecular details behind aging-associated loss of SAT remain unclear. Here we compare scRNA-seq of total SVF of SAT from young and aging mice to identify a novel Aging-dependent Regulatory Cell (ARC) that emerges in SAT of aged mice. Inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) was used as a representative SAT; iWAT pads of 2 mice from each age group were subjected to collagenase digestion and treated with a hypotonic buffer to remove red blood cells before subjection to scRNA-seq by 10X Genomics Chromium Single Cell Kit. The findings showed that ARCs express adipogenic markers but lack adipogenic capacity and inhibit differentiation of neighboring adipose precursors.

脂肪组织质量与体脂水平随生命周期动态变化。在衰老过程中，内脏脂肪组织（visceral adipose tissue, VAT）通常会增加，而外周皮下脂肪组织（peripheral subcutaneous adipose tissue, SAT）则会显著减少。与代谢性疾病相关的VAT不同，SAT具有有益的生理作用。然而，衰老相关的SAT流失背后的分子机制仍不明晰。本研究对年轻与衰老小鼠SAT的全基质血管组分（total SVF）开展单细胞RNA测序（scRNA-seq）比对分析，鉴定出一种在衰老小鼠SAT中特异性出现的新型衰老依赖性调节细胞（Aging-dependent Regulatory Cell, ARC）。本研究选用腹股沟白色脂肪组织（inguinal white adipose tissue, iWAT）作为SAT的代表性样本；每个年龄组取2只小鼠的腹股沟白色脂肪垫，经胶原酶消化并使用低渗缓冲液去除红细胞后，采用10X Genomics Chromium单细胞测序试剂盒进行scRNA-seq测序。结果表明，ARC表达成脂标志物但不具备成脂能力，且可抑制邻近脂肪前体细胞的分化。