Claims Submitted to the Multilateral Development Bank Accountability Mechanisms – 1994-2022

Version 4.0 – data compiled between April 2016 and 19 December 2022
The dataset represents a summary depiction of grievance cases brought to the Accountability Mechanisms (AMs) of the six Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) from 1994 to 2022: The Asian Development Bank, the African Development Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the World Bank (IBRD/IDA) and the World Bank Group (IFC and MIGA). These Accountability Mechanisms were created to enable people adversely or potentially adversely affected by a project or program financed by the MDBs to take their concerns to the Banks for recourse. The Accountability Mechanisms generally do not stop the project or provide material reparations. They seek to stop or prevent harm and mitigate the negative aspects of a development project. The objective of the database is to be able to garner a quick qualitative snapshot of any given case, as well as to be able to aggregate quantitative data for each AM as a whole and to identify trends over time. Each of the grievance mechanisms has a specific name, which may have changed over time. It may also be comprised of more than one office with separate functions (i.e. consulting with affected people versus a compliance investigation). Most of the Accountability Mechanisms now have separate functions, with the consultation process also called problem solving. The compliance phase is to investigate whether the MDBs have complied with their environmental and social policies and whether this has led to harm.

版本4.0——数据采集时间为2016年4月至2022年12月19日
本数据集汇总了1994年至2022年间提交至六家多边开发银行（Multilateral Development Banks, MDBs）问责机制（Accountability Mechanisms, AMs）的申诉案件概况，这六家银行分别为：亚洲开发银行、非洲开发银行、美洲开发银行、欧洲复兴开发银行、世界银行（国际复兴开发银行/国际开发协会，IBRD/IDA）以及世界银行集团（国际金融公司IFC与多边投资担保机构MIGA）。此类问责机制的设立初衷，是为受多边开发银行资助项目或方案造成不利影响，或面临潜在不利影响的群体，提供向银行表达诉求以寻求救济的渠道。问责机制通常不会叫停项目，也不会提供实质性赔偿，其目标在于制止或预防损害发生，并减轻开发项目带来的负面影响。本数据库的构建目标，在于能够快速获取任意单起申诉案件的定性概况，同时可按各问责机制整体聚合定量数据，并识别随时间推移的变化趋势。每一项申诉机制均拥有专属名称，且该名称可能随时间发生变更；部分机制还可下设多个承担不同职能的办公单元，例如分别开展受影响群体咨询与合规性调查的部门。当前多数问责机制已实现职能分离：其中的咨询流程也被称为问题解决环节；合规调查阶段则旨在核查多边开发银行是否遵守了自身环境与社会政策，以及该合规性是否引发了损害后果。